Efficacy and safety of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia for ovarian cancer

Table 1 Basal characteristics of patients included in the study, according to surgical approach, n (%)

Index	Study group (n = 45)	Control group (n = 45)	t/χ2 value	P value
Age (yr)	55.0 ± 17.1	55.8 ± 18.8	0.211	> 0.05
BMI (kg/m2)	24.1 ± 3.9	24.7 ± 4.2	0.702	> 0.05
Tumor diameter (cm)	6.84 ± 2.15	6.92 ± 2.21	0.174	> 0.05
FIGO			0.178	> 0.05
I	21 (46.67)	23 (51.11)
II	24 (53.33)	22 (48.89)
Type of pathology			0.645	> 0.05
Mucinous cancer	20 (44.44)	21 (46.67)
Serous carcinoma	16 (35.56)	15 (33.33)
Endometrioid cancer	6 (13.33)	5 (11.11)
Clear cell carcinoma	3 (6.67)	4 (8.89)

BMI: Body mass index; FIGO: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Table 2 Perioperative comparison between study and control groups (mean ± SD)

Index	Study group (n = 45)	Control group (n = 45)	t value	P value
Duration of surgery (min)	257.41 ± 28.16	255.23 ± 28.37	0.366	> 0.05
Intraoperative bleeding quantity (min)	323.76 ± 40.25	387.44 ± 43.23	7.232	< 0.05
Lymph node clearance number of sweeps (pcs)	25.78 ± 3.35	26.04 ± 3.17	0.378	> 0.05
Postoperative anus exhaust time (d)	1.96 ± 0.42	2.61 ± 0.54	6.374	< 0.05
Get out of bed after surgery time (d)	2.85 ± 0.53	3.92 ± 0.64	8.638	< 0.05
Postoperative hospitalization time (d)	13.29 ± 2.11	16.66 ± 2.24	7.346	< 0.05

Table 3 Comparison of complications between study and control groups, n (%)

Index	Study group (n = 45)	Control group (n = 45)	χ2 value	P value
Incision infection	1 (2.22)	2 (4.44)
Lung infections	1 (2.22)	3 (6.67)
Urinary retention	1 (2.22)	2 (4.44)
Venous thrombosis	0 (0.00)	1 (2.22)
Ileus	0 (0.00)	1 (2.22)
Total	5 (6.67)	9 (20.00)	7.688	< 0.05

Table 4 Quality of life scores comparison between study and control groups (mean ± SD, points)

Index	Study group (n = 45)	Control group (n = 45)	t value	P value
Preoperatively	65.62 ± 9.58	66.12 ± 10.26	0.239	> 0.05
One month after surgery	66.25 ± 8.95	60.42 ± 8.53	3.163	< 0.05
Three months after surgery	78.95 ± 12.39	66.84 ± 11.34	4.837	< 0.05
F value	23.467	5.447
P value	< 0.05	< 0.05

Table 5 Comparison of the two sets of stress responses (mean ± SD)

Index	Group	Study group (n = 45)	Control group (n = 45)	t value	P value
ATCH (pmol/L)	Before surgery	11.22 ± 5.35	11. 64 ± 5.51	0.367	> 0.05
	After surgery	14.21 ± 12.03	20. 35 ± 12.37	2.387	< 0.05
AD (pmol/L)	Before surgery	30.35 ± 7.49	31. 22 ± 7.48	0.551	> 0.05
	After surgery	39.69 ± 8.71	46. 86 ± 7.36	4.218	< 0.05
Cor (nmol/L)	Before surgery	230.51 ± 8.92	231. 64 ± 8.76	0.606	> 0.05
	After surgery	299.13 ± 9.42	312. 02 ± 9.64	6.4150	< 0.05

ATCH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone; AD: Androstenedione; Cor: Cortisol.

Table 6 Comparison of the two groups of immune function (mean ± SD)

Index	Group	Study group (n = 45)	Control group (n = 45)	t value	P value
CD3+	Before surgery	53.54 ± 5.07	55.56 ± 5.12	1.881	> 0.05
	After surgery	50.85 ± 5.16	43.12 ± 5.82	6.667	< 0.05
CD4+	Before surgery	35.32 ± 4.95	33.91 ± 5.53	1.274	> 0.05
	After surgery	32.64 ± 3.06	27.61 ± 3.24	7.571	< 0.05

CD3+: Cluster of differentiation 3 positive; CD4+: Cluster of differentiation 4 positive.