Significant risk factors for intensive care unit-acquired weakness: A processing strategy based on repeated machine learning

Table 1 Analysis of factors associated with intensive care unit-acquired weakness

Parameters	ICU-AW group (n = 370)	Non-ICU-AW group (n = 693)	χ2/t/Z	P value
Sex			1.913	0.167
Male, n (%)	235 (63.51)	410 (59.16)
Female, n (%)	135 (36.49)	283 (40.84)
Age in yr, mean ± SD	65.29 ± 18.72	58.58 ± 18.75	31.013	0.000
Sepsis, n (%)	31 (8.38)	31 (4.47)	6.727	0.010
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, n (%)	96 (25.95)	68 (9.81)	50.307	0.000
Hypoalbuminemia, n (%)	275 (74.32)	379 (54.69)	67.286	0.000
Acute cardiogenic failure, n (%)	157 (42.43)	205 (29.58)	18.005	0.000
Respiratory failure, n (%)	231 (62.43)	277 (39.97)	83.798	0.000
Acute kidney injury, n (%)	63 (17.03)	47 (6.78)	27.956	0.000
Anemia, n (%)	191 (51.62)	229 (33.04)	35.942	0.000
Diffuse intravascular coagulation, n (%)	5 (1.35)	8 (1.15)	0.077	0.781
Stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding, n (%)	99 (26.76)	74 (10.68)	47.733	0.000
Shock, n (%)	224 (60.54)	276 (39.83)	43.152	0.000
Hypertension, n (%)	193 (52.16)	263 (37.95)	20.661	0.000
Diabetes, n (%)	83 (22.43)	133 (19.19)	1.564	0.211
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, n (%)	123 (33.24)	132 (19.05)	27.292	0.000
Malignant tumor, n (%)	81 (21.89)	144 (20.78)	0.179	0.673
Rehabilitation therapy, n (%)	20 (5.40)	172 (24.82)	93.687	0.000
Mechanical ventilation duration in h, M (QL, QU)	114 (9.75, 250)	0 (0, 21)	29.905	0.000
Midazolam in mg, M (QL, QU)	50 (0, 370)	0 (0,20)	127.872	0.000
Norepinephrine in mg, M (QL, QU)	20 (0, 120)	0 (0, 16)	81.127	0.000
Length of intensive care unit stay in d, M (QL, QU)	10 (6, 19)	3 (1, 4)	278.696	0.000

ICU-AW: Intensive care unit-acquired weakness.

Table 2 Prediction results of back propagation neural network model training set and test set samples

Samples	Measured results	Number of cases	Predicted results
			Non-ICU-AW	ICU-AW	Correct percentage (%)
Training set	Non-ICU-AW	503	443	60	88.1
	ICU-AW	257	45	212	82.5
	Total	760	448	272	86.2
Test set	Non-ICU-AW	190	169	21	88.9
	ICU-AW	113	23	90	79.6
	Total	303	192	111	85.5

Dependent variable: Intensive care unit-acquired weakness. ICU-AW: Intensive care unit-acquired weakness.

Table 3 Importance of independent variables

Parameters	Importance	The importance of standardization (%)
Age	0.035	11.9
Sepsis	0.052	17.6
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome	0.036	12.2
Hypoalbuminemia	0.012	4.0
Acute cardiogenic failure	0.023	7.8
Respiratory failure	0.023	7.9
Acute kidney injury	0.039	13.4
Anemia	0.030	10.2
Stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding	0.029	10.0
Shock	0.034	11.4
Hypertension	0.018	6.0
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease	0.019	6.5
Rehabilitation therapy	0.042	14.2
Mechanical ventilation duration	0.161	54.9
Sedative dose (Midazolam)	0.098	33.4
Vasopressor medication dose (Epinephrine)	0.057	19.5
Length of intensive care unit stay	0.293	100.0