Assessment of the triglyceride glucose index in adult patients with chronic diarrhea and constipation

Table 1 Demographics and characteristics of participants by quartiles of triglyceride glucose index, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2009-2010

	Q1, n = 599 (6.89-8.24)	Q2, n = 601 (8.25-8.62)	Q3, n = 600 (8.62-9.04)	Q4, n = 600 (9.04-12.34)	P value
Age (yr), mean ± SD	43.47 ± 16.99	49.03 ± 17.81	51.93 ± 17.77	52.95 ± 16.24	< 0.001c
Triglyceride (mg/dL), mean ± SD	62.00 ± 13.32	94.21 ± 15.25	131.68 ± 22.99	246.43 ± 186.73	< 0.001c
Fasting glucose (mg/dL), mean ± SD	92.59 ± 10.28	100.66 ± 16.57	106.19 ± 18.46	129.96 ± 51.53	< 0.001c
Gender, n (%)					< 0.001c
Male	219 (36.56)	277 (46.09)	327 (54.50)	334 (55.67)
Female	380 (63.44)	324 (53.91)	273 (45.50)	266 (44.33)
Race, n (%)					< 0.001c
Mexican American	77 (12.85)	108 (17.97)	116 (19.33)	160 (26.67)
Other Hispanic	67 (11.19)	60 (9.98)	58 (9.67)	83 (13.83)
Non-Hispanic white	291 (48.58)	286 (47.59)	313 (52.17)	276 (46.00)
Non-Hispanic black	135 (22.54)	124 (20.63)	74 (12.33)	60 (10.00)
Other races	29 (4.84)	23 (3.83)	39 (6.50)	21 (3.50)
Levels of education, n (%)					< 0.001c
≤ High school	108 (18.03)	156 (25.96)	172 (28.76)	237 (39.83)
> High school	491 (81.97)	445 (74.04)	426 (71.24)	358 (60.17)
Ratio of family income to poverty, n (%)					0.008b
≤ 1	97 (17.86)	113 (20.14)	128 (23.23)	137 (25.95)
> 1	446 (82.14)	448 (79.86)	423 (76.77)	391 (74.05)
Body mass index, n (%)					< 0.001c
Under/normal weight	294 (49.33)	178 (29.82)	125 (20.94)	71 (11.97)
Overweight	176 (29.53)	218 (36.52)	212 (35.51)	208 (35.08)
Obese	126 (21.14)	201 (33.67)	260 (43.55)	314 (52.95)
Diabetes, n (%)					< 0.001c
Yes	20 (3.37)	48 (8.18)	65 (11.05)	145 (25.09)
No	573 (96.63)	539 (91.82)	523 (88.95)	433 (74.91)
Hypertension, n (%)					< 0.001c
Yes	128 (21.37)	204 (33.94)	237 (39.50)	283 (47.17)
No	471 (78.63)	397 (66.06)	363 (60.50)	317 (52.83)
High cholesterol level, n (%)					< 0.001c
Yes	114 (28.22)	162 (39.71)	183 (41.78)	276 (61.47)
No	290 (71.78)	246 (60.29)	255 (58.22)	173 (38.53)
Alcohol, n (%)					< 0.001c
≥ 1, < 8	419 (96.54)	418 (94.36)	385 (92.55)	331 (88.74)
≥ 8	15 (3.46)	25 (5.64)	31 (7.45)	42 (11.26)
Chronic diarrhea, n (%)					0.004b
Yes	37 (6.18)	37 (6.16)	52 (8.67)	66 (11.00)
No	562 (93.82)	564 (93.84)	548 (91.33)	534 (89.00)
Chronic constipation, n (%)					0.806
Yes	53 (8.85)	49 (8.15)	44 (7.33)	47 (7.83)
No	546 (91.15)	552 (91.85)	556 (92.67)	553 (92.17)

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

Table 2 ORs (95%CI) for the relationship between the triglyceride glucose index and chronic diarrhea and chronic constipation, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010

TyG		OR (95%CI)
		Chronic constipation	Chronic diarrhea
Model 1 continuous		0.96 (0.76, 1.21)	1.45 (1.17, 1.79)
Q1	6.89-8.24	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
Q2	8.25-8.62	0.91 (0.61, 1.37)	1.00 (0.62, 1.59)
Q3	8.62-9.04	0.82 (0.54, 1.24)	1.44 (0.93, 2.23)
Q4	9.04-12.34	0.88 (0.58, 1.32)	1.88 (1.23, 2.86)
P for trend		0.4591	0.0007a
Model 2 continuous		1.10 (0.86, 1.40)	1.40 (1.12, 1.76)
Q1	6.89-8.24	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
Q2	8.25-8.62	1.00 (0.66, 1.52)	0.95 (0.59, 1.53)
Q3	8.62-9.04	1.00 (0.65, 1.55)	1.38 (0.88, 2.18)
Q4	9.04-12.34	1.06 (0.68, 1.64)	1.71 (1.10, 2.65)
P for trend		0.8026	0.0044b
Model 3 continuous		1.50 (0.95, 2.37)	1.35 (0.85, 2.13)
Q1	6.89-8.24	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
Q2	8.25-8.62	1.07 (0.50, 2.28)	0.92 (0.39, 2.14)
Q3	8.62-9.04	1.86 (0.89, 3.90)	1.18 (0.52, 2.66)
Q4	9.04-12.34	1.76 (0.76, 4.07)	1.52 (0.65, 3.56)
P for trend		0.0999	0.2268

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

Model 1: No covariates were adjusted; Model 2: Adjusted for gender, age, and race; Model 3: Adjusted for age, gender, race, education (adults 20+), ratio of family income to poverty. Body mass index, laxatives, alcohol, self-reported hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia. TyG: Triglyceride glucose.