Sleep quality in middle-aged and elderly hemodialysis patients: Impact of a structured nursing intervention program

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants (n = 105)

Characteristic	Value
Age (years), mean ± SD	62.4 ± 9.8
Sex, n (%)
Male	61 (58.1)
Female	44 (41.9)
Comorbidities, n (%)
Hypertension	76 (72.4)
Diabetes mellitus	51 (48.6)
Cardiovascular disease	38 (36.2)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	12 (11.4)
Dialysis vintage (years), mean ± SD	4.2 ± 2.9

Table 2 Distribution of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index component scores at baseline (n = 105)

PSQI component	mean ± SD	Score > 2, n (%)
Subjective sleep quality	1.6 ± 0.8	59 (56.2)
Sleep latency	1.8 ± 1.1	56 (53.3)
Sleep duration	1.2 ± 1.0	33 (31.4)
Habitual sleep efficiency	1.1 ± 1.2	36 (34.3)
Sleep disturbances	1.6 ± 0.7	65 (61.9)
Use of sleeping medication	0.5 ± 1.0	18 (17.1)
Daytime dysfunction	1.1 ± 0.9	43 (41.0)

PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Table 3 Changes in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index component scores before and after the nursing intervention program (n = 65)

PSQI component	Baseline	Post-intervention	P value
Subjective sleep quality	1.9 ± 0.7	1.1 ± 0.7	< 0.001
Sleep latency	2.1 ± 1.0	1.2 ± 0.9	< 0.001
Sleep duration	1.4 ± 1.0	0.8 ± 0.9	< 0.001
Habitual sleep efficiency	1.5 ± 1.2	0.6 ± 0.9	< 0.001
Sleep disturbances	1.8 ± 0.6	1.1 ± 0.6	< 0.001
Use of sleeping medication	0.7 ± 1.1	0.3 ± 0.7	0.002
Daytime dysfunction	1.4 ± 0.8	0.7 ± 0.7	< 0.001

Data are presented as the mean ± SD. PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.