Status, outcome, and related factors of postpartum hypertension in the Shanghai community

Table 1 Univariate analysis on relative factors of persistent postpartum hypertension [X ± S, n (%)]

General condition			Chronic postpartum hypertension
			Yes	No	t/χ2	P value
Age, years					10.037	0.002
	< 35	51 (59.30)	39 (72.22)	12 (37.50)
	≥ 35	35 (40.70)	15 (27.78)	20 (62.50)
Education level						0.5481
	High school or lower	8 (9.30)	6 (11.11)	2 (6.25)
	Vocational college &University	61 (70.93)	36 (66.67)	25 (78.13)
	Master’s degree or above	17 (19.77)	12 (22.22)	5 (15.63)
Monthly income per person, RMB					0.454	0.813
	< 10000	21 (24.42)	13 (24.07)	8 (25.00)
	10000-15000	29 (33.72)	17 (31.48)	12 (37.50)
	≥ 15000	36 (41.86)	24 (44.44)	12 (37.50)
Maternal smoking						1.0001
	Maternal and former smoker	3 (3.61)	2 (3.70)	1 (3.13)
	Never smoke	83 (96.51)	52 (96.30)	31 (96.88)
Family history					0.315	0.657
Of hypertension	Yes	45 (52.33)	27 (50.00)	18 (56.25)
	No	41 (47.67)	27 (50.00)	14 (43.75)
Family history					0.677	0.438
Of diabetes	Yes	20 (23.26)	11 (20.37)	9 (28.13)
	No	66 (76.74)	43 (79.63)	23 (71.88)
Pre-pregnancy					7.808	0.007
BMI	≥ 24	45 (52.33)	22 (40.74)	23 (71.88)
	< 24	41 (47.67)	32 (59.26)	9 (28.13)
Pregnancy					0.633	0.753
Weight gain	Excessive 1	27 (31.40)	18 (33.33)	9 (28.13)
	Adequate 2	33 (38.37)	19 (35.19)	14 (43.75)
	Inadequate 3	26 (30.23)	17 (31.48)	9 (28.13)
GDM						0.5271
	Yes	11 (12.79)	8 (14.81)	3 (9.38)
	No	75 (87.21)	46 (85.19)	29 (90.63)
HDP					7.254	0.007
	Yes	71 (82.56)	40 (74.07)	31 (96.88)
	No	15 (17.44)	14 (25.93)	1 (3.12)
Delivery times					0.308	0.579
	Primipara	49 (56.78)	32 (59.260	17 (53.13)
	Multipara	37 (43.02)	22 (40.74)	15 (46.88)
Gestational week						0.7401
Of delivery, weeks	≥ 37	75 (87.21)	48 (88.89)	27 (84.38)
	< 37	11 (12.79)	6 (11.11)	5 (15.63)

¹Fisher's exact test.

BMI: Body mass index; HDP: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; GDM: Gestational diabetes mellitus.

Table 2 Logistic regression analysis of multiple factors influencing persistent postpartum hypertension

Factor	β	SE	Wald/χ2	P value	OR	95%CI
Older	0.193	0.066	8.452	< 0.05	1.212	1.065-1.380
High BMI	0.173	0.085	4.130	< 0.05	1.188	1.006-1.404
Hypertensive disease during pregnancy	2.378	1.102	4.655	< 0.05	10.781	1.243-93.480

β: Regression coefficients of the model; BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ration; SE: Standard error.