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©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Clin Cases. Mar 26, 2023; 11(9): 1992-2001
Published online Mar 26, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i9.1992
Published online Mar 26, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i9.1992
Ref. | Time from ictus (rupture) | bAVM type and SMG | Modality of definitive treatments | Number of subjects | Age | Outcome | Follow-up period | Result |
Bartolomeo et al[6], 2021 | 48 h; > 48 h | I-IV | Surgery; multimodal evacuation of hematoma | 25 | Mean age 38 and 45.55 | mRS score | 3 mo and 1 yr | Surgery after rest period is better, but early surgery seems reasonable for young patients |
Mansur et al[7], 2021 | 48 h; > 48 h | I-IV | Targeted embolization; surgery; combination of delayed therapy; observation | 32 acute; 284 non-acute | Mean age of acute: 32; non acute: 284 | Change in mRS score and clinical outcome/re-rupture | Mean 3.2 ± 1.4 yr | Delayed curative treatment preferred. Acute targeted embolization warranted for weak points |
Beecher et al[8], 2017 | Delayed only: Minimal 4 wk post-hemorrhage | N/A | Radiation; surgery; embolization | 102 | N/A | Time to treatment failure (re-hemorrhage or neurological decline) | Median 248 d | 6 (5.8%) new hemorrhage. Authors in support of delaying treatment for at least weeks to allow for neurologic improvement prior to intervention |
Bir et al[9], 2016 | < 24 h; 24-48 h; > 48 h | I-IV | Embolization; GK SRS; microsurgical resection | 78 | Median age 45 | Mean mRS grading | Mean mo 45.17 (1-223) | Significant difference in mean mRS: Group < 24h vs > 48h (P = 0.01); Group 24-48 h vs > 48 h (P = 0.03) |
Todnem et al[10], 2019 | Immediate embolization (time not defined) followed by delayed GK-SRS | III-IV | Embolization and SRS combination | 16 | Mean age 46.63 yr | mRS score | 45.4 21.43 mo | Improvement of mRS score and no recurrent hemorrhage |
van Rooij et al[11], 2012 | Acute phase: Within 10 d of ictus | N/A | Embolization with either coils or Onyx | 23 | Mean age 42 yr | Obliteration status; hemorrhage recurrence; mortality | 21 mo mean | 1 death (following surgical evacuation of frontal hematoma); 13 patients had complete obliteration; No new hemorrhage |
Andreou et al[12], 2008 | Median 2 wk after ictus (range 1-28 wk) | Micro-AVM; SMG N/A | Embolization | 25 | N/A | Procedure-related complications; obliteration status; re-hemorrhage | 6 mo | 3 complications; 22 complete obliterations; 2 recurrences |
Stemer et al[13], 2013 | Acute phaseMedian 4 d after ictus(Range 8-75) | I-VI | Embolization (Onyx only) | 21 | Mean age 38 yr | Procedure-related complications; obliteration status; re-hemorrhage; GOS | 7.5 mo mean | 2 asymptomatic complications; 0 new hemorrhage; 7 complete obliterations after the first procedure; mean GOS improvement from 4.0 on presentation to 4.4 after first procedure |
Pavesi et al[14], 2009 | Acute phase (within 6 d of ictus) | I-II | Radical AVM surgical removal + hematoma evacuation | 27 | Mean age 41.3 yr | GOS; rehemorrhage; mortality | 22 mo mean | 85% favorable functional outcome (GOS: good recovery – moderate disability); 2 re-hemorrhages; 7.4% mortality |
Kuhmonen et al[[15], 2005 | Acute phase (within 4 d of ictus) | 1-V | Craniotomy and extirpation; ventricular drainage; embolization | 49 | Mean age 32.8 | GOS; mortality | 2-3 mo | More than half of the patients had a good functional outcome; Mortality 12.2 % |
- Citation: Bintang AK, Bahar A, Akbar M, Soraya GV, Gunawan A, Hammado N, Rachman ME, Ulhaq ZS. Delayed versus immediate intervention of ruptured brain arteriovenous malformations: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11(9): 1992-2001
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v11/i9/1992.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v11.i9.1992