Case Control Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Clin Cases. Dec 6, 2023; 11(34): 8126-8138
Published online Dec 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i34.8126
Table 1 Patient characteristics
Variables
Thromboembolism
Total (N)
mean ± SD
Median
IQR
P value1
AgeNo33555.22 ± 14.37758.00200.014a
Yes5160.63 ± 11.42161.0017
BMINo33529.30 ± 5.9502880.041a
Yes5131.14 ± 6.3403110
Table 2 Patient characteristics and percent of patients with thromboembolism
Variables
Thromboembolism
Total
P value1
No
Yes
GenderMale194332270.358
57.9%64.7%58.8%
NASHYes102231250.037
30.4%45.1%32.4%
SmokingNo22826254
68.1%51.0%65.8%
Yes761793
22.7%33.3%24.1%
Former31839
9.3%15.7%10.1%
Alcohol consumptionYes556610.396
16.4%11.8%15.8%
EthnicityCaucasian26839307NA
80.0%76.5%79.5%
Hispanic391049
11.6%19.6%12.7%
Asian11112
3.3%2.0%3.1%
African American15116
4.5%2.0%4.1%
Others202
0.6%0.0%0.5%
Diabetic statusNon DM281323130.002a
83.9%62.7%81.1%
Type 1 DM10414
3.0%7.8%3.6%
Type 2 DM441559
13.1%29.4%15.3%
HIV statusReactive91100.761
2.7%2.0%2.6%
CAP (steatosis) gradeS0145141590.031a
43.3%27.5%41.2%
S132335
9.6%5.9%9.1%
S234438
10.1%7.8%9.8%
S312430154
37.0%58.8%39.9%
KPA (fibrosis) gradeF0876930.03a
26.0%11.8%24.1%
F0-F111614130
34.6%27.5%33.7%
F1314
0.9%2.0%1.0%
F232234
9.6%3.9%8.8%
F325732
7.5%13.7%8.3%
F4722193
21.5%41.2%24.1%
Table 3 Primary outcome: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and associated factors
Variable
Venous thromboembolism
Venous thromboembolism
P value
Yes
No
NASH45.1%30.4%0.037a
CAP (steatosis) grade
S027.5%43.3%0.031a
S15.9%9.6%
S27.8%10.1%
S358.8%37.0%
KPA (fibrosis) grade
F011.8%26%0.030a
F129.5%35.5%
F23.9%9.6%
F313.7%7.5%
F441.2%21.5%
Diabetes mellitus0.002a
Type I7.8%3%
Type II29.4%13.1%
Table 4 Distribution of type of thrombosis in study population
Type of thromboembolism
Number
Percentage
Deep vein thrombosis3058.8%
Superficial venous thrombosis917.6%
Pulmonary embolism713.7%
Portal vein35.9%
Stroke (embolic)23.9%
Total51100.0%
Table 5 Distribution of thromboembolism in study population by location
Location
Frequency
Percentage
Lower limb2956.9%
Upper limb1019.6%
Upper lobe35.9%
Middle lobe23.9%
Lower lobe23.9%
Others59.8%
Total51100.0%
Table 6 Distribution of choice of anticoagulation in study population
Type of anticoagulant used
Frequency
Percentage
Direct oral anticoagulants3364.7%
Vitamin K antagonists1325.5%
Enoxaparin sodium35.9%
Antiplatelet23.9%
Total51100.0%