Paraneoplastic myopathy-related rhabdomyolysis and pancreatic cancer: A case report and review of the literature

Table 1 Cases of pancreatic carcinoma associated with polymyositis and myopathy

Ref.	Sex/age	Statin use	Clinical presentation	Cancer type	Diagnosis	Treatment	Gemcitabine use	Additional findings	Follow-up and outcome
Kida et al[19], 2007	M, 53	NR	Arthralgia	AK	CT	Steroids	No	Late-stage	Died 4 yr
			Myalgias muscolar weakness		Biopsy	Fluorouracil radiotherapy		Carcinoma	After diagnosis
Syrios et al[15], 2011	M, 52	NR	Weight loss	AK	CT	Steroids	Yes	-	Remission
			Recurrent pancreatitis		EMG biopsy	Gemcitabine erlotinib			Six months (then relapse)
Siddiqui et al[20], 2011	F, 86	NR	Muscolar weakness	AK	CT	Steroids	No	-	Remission
					Biopsy	Surgery			Six months
Amroun et al[21], 2012	M, 47	NR	Abdominal pain	AK	CT	Surgery	Yes	Myopathy	Remission
			Jaundice weight loss asthenia		MRI Biopsy	Gemcitabine		Developed during 4th cycle of chemotherapy	Nine months, then death due to pneumonia
Padniewski et al[22], 2020	M, 66	Yes	Generalized fatigue	AK	CT	Steroids	Yes, later in	Myopathy	Gemcitabine
			Muscolar weakness loose stools weight loss		MRI	FOLFOX followed by gemcitabine	Course	Developed prior to gemcitabine	Trial died 1 mo later
Decraene et al[23], 2021	M, 69	NR	Jaundice	NET	MRI	Steroids	No	-	Remission
			Diarrhea weight loss		EMG biopsy	Surgery carboplatinum-etoposide			Six months (no recurrence)
Ozcan et al[24], 2022	M, 86	Yes	Myalgias	AK	MRI	Steroids	Yes, later in	Metastatic	Third line
			Muscolar weakness		MRCP ERCP biopsy	Surgery FOLFOX followed by FOLFIRI	Course	Carcinoma	Palliative treatment (gemcitabine and abraxane)
Present case, 2022	F, 78	Yes	Jaundice	Unknown	CT	Steroids	No	AKI treated with	Died during
			Weight loss myalgias muscolar weakness		EMG			Replacement therapy	Hospitalization

M: Male; F: Female; NR: Not reported; AK: Adenocarcinoma; NET: Neuroendocrine tumour; CT: Computed tomography; EMG: Electromyography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; MRCP: Magnetic resonance colangiopancreatography; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde colangiopancreatography.