Effects of different doses of long-acting growth hormone in treating children with growth hormone deficiency

Table 1 Subject demographics and baseline characteristics (Efficacy set)

Characteristics	mean ± SD
Age (yr)	7.11 ± 2.73
Female (n = 7, yr)	7.18 ± 2.56
Male (n = 37, yr)	7.06 ± 2.62
Height (cm)	110.38 ± 14.17
Body mass index (kg/m2)	15.91 ± 1.45

Table 2 Comparison of annual growth rate (cm/year) and height standard deviation score in high-dose and low-dose groups (mean ± SD)

Group	GV (cm/year)				HtSDS
	Before	After	t value	P value	Before	After	t value	P value
HDG (n = 23)	3.87 ± 0.63	9.77 ± 1.89	14.183	0.000	-2.41 ± 0.74	-1.56 ± 0.72	-3.947	0.000
LDG (n = 21)	3.90 ± 0.66	9.06 ± 1.45	18.847	0.000	-2.12 ± 0.46	-1.39 ± 0.53	-4.779	0.000
t value	-0.181	1.392			-1.568	-0.927
P value	0.857	0.171			0.124	0.359

HDG: High-dose group; LDG: Low-dose group; GV: Growth velocity; HtSDS: Height standard deviation score.

Table 3 Comparison of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in high-dose and low-dose groups (mean ± SD)

Group	IGF-1				IGFBP-3
	Before	After	t value	P value	Before	After	t value	P value
HDG (n = 23)	127.15 ± 63.39	259.17 ± 124.86	4.522	0.000	4.18 ± 0.86	5.64 ± 1.41	4.237	0.000
LDG (n = 21)	115.39 ± 62.65	253.11 ± 149.52	3.893	0.000	3.57 ± 0.72	5.37 ± 1.11	6.269	0.000
t value	0.618	0.146			2.547	0.691
P value	0.540	0.884			0.015	0.493

HDG: High-dose group; LDG: Low-dose group; IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor-1; IGFBP-3: Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3.

Table 4 Comparison of bone age in high-low dose group (mean ± SD)

Group	BA growth (yr)	CA growth (yr)	t value	P value
HDG (n = 23)	2	2.45 ± 0.55	3.392	0.003
LDG (n = 21)	2	2.41 ± 0.43	3.355	0.003
t value		0.629
P value		0.629

HDG: High-dose group; LDG: Low-dose group; BA: Bone age; CA: Chronological age.

Table 5 Comparison of the one-year annual growth velocity and improvement in height standard deviation score between the high-dose and low-dose group

Group	GV				HtSDS
	0-1 year	1-2 year	t value	P value	0-1 year	1-2 year	t value	P value
HDG (n = 23)	10.56 ± 1.15	7.78 ± 0.75	4.875	0.000	1.12 ± 0.28	0.42 ± 0.15	5.328	0.000
LDG (n = 21)	10.1 ± 0.99	8.41 ± 0.84	2.942	0.005	0.96 ± 0.18	0.52 ± 0.18	3.852	0.000

HDG: High-dose group; LDG: Low-dose group; GV: Growth velocity; HtSDS: Height standard deviation score.

Table 6 Comparison of side effects between the high-dose and low-dose group

Group	HDG (n = 23)	LDG (n = 21)	χ2	P value
FPG damage	2	2	0.009	1.000
Subclinical Hypothyroidism	3	2	0.135	1.000
HOMA-IR	4	4	0.020	1.000

The P value is associated probability using fisher's exact probability method. HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; HDG: High-dose group; LDG: Low-dose group.