Assessment of functional prognosis of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in athletes based on a body shape index

Table 1 Characteristics of participants enrolled in the study, n (%)

Characteristics	High-ABSI group, n = 38	Low-ABSI group, n = 38	P value
Age in yr	25.9 ± 6.3	26.4 ± 7.1	0.7463
Age range in yr	18-38	18-39
Sex			0.5970
Female, n = 19	11 (28.94)	8 (21.05)
Male, n = 57	27 (71.05)	30 (78.95)
Athletes			0.8731
Football	18	19
Basketball	16	14
Others	4	5
Body mass index as kg/m2	24.3 ± 2.2	23.9 ± 2.1	0.4201
Side			0.4838
Right	21	24
Left	17	14
Smoker	4 (10.53)	3 (7.895)	0.4446
Alcohol user	8 (21.05)	7 (18.42)	0.8186
Mean follow-up time in mo	26.9 ± 5.9	27.5 ± 6.3	0.6695
Operation time in min	88.3 ± 15.7	93.4 ± 16.2	0.1676
Length of stay in d	6.9 ± 1.9	6.5 ± 1.6	0.3241
Meniscus injury	14	16	0.6388
Duration of tourniquet use in min	45.9 ± 5.9	43.8 ± 6.2	0.1347
Femur fixation method			0.5558
EndoButton	36	37
RCI screw	2	1
Tibial fixation method			0.6422
Screw and washer	21	23
RCI screw	17	15
Comorbidity			0.5488
Diabetes	2	3
Hypertension	2	2
Cancers	1	0

Measurement data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. ABSI: A body shape index; RCI: Rounded cannulated interference.

Table 2 Multifactor logistic regression of low knee joint function score in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients with low a body shape index on last follow-up

Items	OR (95%CI)	P value
Low ROM scores	1.31 (1.10-1.44)b	< 0.001
Low quadriceps atrophy index	1.11 (0.97-1.29)a	< 0.05
Low Lysholm scores	2.34 (1.78-2.94)b	< 0.001
Low KOOS scores
Low symptoms	1.14 (1.02-1.34)a	< 0.05
Low pain	1.04 (0.78-1.44)	0.06
Low ADL	1.34 (1.18-1.65)a	< 0.05
Low sports	2.47 (1.78-2.84)b	< 0.001
Low QOL	3.34 (2.88-3.94)b	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.001.

Compared with the High-a body shape index group.

ABSI: A body shape index; ADL: Activity of daily living; CI: Confidence interval; KOOS: Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; OR: Odds ratio; QOL: Quality of life; ROM: Range of motion.

Table 3 Postoperative complications in the High-a body shape index group and Low-a body shape index group after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, n (%)

Characteristic	High-ABSI group, n = 38	Low-ABSI group, n = 38	P value
Knee joint infection	2 (5.262)	2 (5.262)	> 0.9999
Internal fixation failure	1 (2.631)	0 (0.000)	> 0.9999
Deep vein thrombosis of lower limb	8 (21.04)	1 (2.631)a	0.0284
ACL recurrent rupture	3 (7.893)	1(2.631)	0.6148
Total	14 (36.84)	4 (10.53)	0.0571

^aP < 0.05.

Compared with the Low-a body shape index group.

ABSI: A body shape index; ACL: Anterior cruciate ligament.

Table 4 Multifactor logistic regression of complications in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients with high a body shape index on last follow-up

Items	OR (95%CI)	P value
Knee joint infection	1.00 (1.10-1.44)	> 0.05
Internal fixation failure	1.01 (0.93-1.15)	> 0.05
Deep vein thrombosis of lower limb	2.14 (1.88-2.36)a	< 0.05
ACL recurrent rupture	1.24 (0.98-1.44)a	< 0.05

^aP < 0.05.

Compared with the Low-a body shape index group.

ACL: Anterior cruciate ligament; CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.