Challenges for clinicians treating autoimmune pancreatitis: Current perspectives

Table 1 Differences in the clinicopathological features of type 1 and type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis

	Type 1 AIP	Type 2 AIP
Histopathological pattern	LPSP	IDCP
Most common symptom	Obstructive jaundice	Acute pancreatitis
Overall prevalence of DM	44%	11%
IgG4-related disease	Yes	No
Epidemiology	Asia > USA, Europe	Europe, USA > Asia
Sex	M > F	M = F
Age predominance	> 50	30-40
Serum IgG4 level	Elevated, esp. twice the upper limit of the standard (> 280 mg/dL)	Mostly normal
Tissue IgG4 stain	> 10 cells/HPF	< 10 cells/HPF
Histological features	Periductal lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, Storiform fibrosis, Obliterative phlebitis	Granulocytic epithelial lesions
Other organ involvement	Yes	No
Associated with IBD	Rare	Common
Steroid response	Excellent	Excellent
Recurrence	Common > 30 %	Rare < 10 %

AIP: Autoimmune pancreatitis; USA: United States of America; LPSP: Lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis; IDCP: Idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis; DM: Diabetes mellitus; IgG4: Immunoglobulin G4; HPF: High-power field; M: Male; F: Female; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.