Serum Spondin-2 expression, tumor invasion, and antitumor immune response in patients with cervical cancer

Table 1 Serum Spondin-2 expression in each group (mean ± SD)

Group	n	Spondin-2 (μg/L)	F	P value
Cervical cancer group	147	25.68 ± 7.11	105.790	0.000
Benign group	92	17.52 ± 5.76
Control group	86	14.16 ± 4.96

Table 2 Serum Spondin-2 expression in patients with different clinicopathological features of cervical cancer

Clinical pathology	High Spondin-2 group (n = 101)	Low Spondin-2 group (n = 46)	χ2 value	P value
Pathological type
Squamous cell carcinoma	70	31	0.595	0.743
Adenocarcinoma	18	7
Adenosquamous carcinoma	13	8
FIGO stage
Stage I–II	50	41	10.501	0.001
Stage III	51	5
Nerve invasion
Yes	72	20	10.438	0.001
No	29	26
Vascular invasion
Yes	57	12	11.688	0.001
No	44	34
Lymph node metastasis
Yes	66	21	5.075	0.024
No	35	25

FIGO: Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Table 3 Relationship between serum Spondin-2 expression and immune response in patients with cervical cancer (mean ± SD)

Group	n	IL-2 (pg/mL)	TNF-ɑ (ng/mL)	IL-4 (pg/mL)	IL-5 (pg/mL)
High Spondin-2 group	101	3.52 ± 0.83	10.62 ± 1.80	2.98 ± 0.53	4.43 ± 1.08
Low Spondin-2 group	46	4.12 ± 1.13	13.83 ± 2.56	2.45 ± 0.76	3.18 ± 0.72
t value	-	3.614	8.735	4.879	7.153
P value	-	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

IL: Interleukin; TNF: tumor necrosis factor.

Table 4 Relationship between serum Spondin-2 expression and prognosis in patients with cervical cancer (mean ± SD)

Group	n	PFS (mo)	OS (mo)
High Spondin-2 group	101	23.2 ± 9.3	26.8 ± 8.7
Low Spondin-2 group	46	28.9 ± 10.4	30.1 ± 9.7
t value	-	3.319	2.056
P value	-	0.001	0.042

PFS: Progression free survival; OS: Overall survival.