Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with liver lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature

Table 1 Laboratory examinations

Laboratory tests	Examination value	Reference value
RBC	4.24 × 1012	4.30-5.80 × 1012
HB	125 g/L	130-175 g/L
MPV	11.10 fL	125-350 × 109/L
LDH	176.90 U/L	120-250 U/L
HCG	< 0.20 mIU/mL	—
AFP	3.09 ng/ml	0-7.0 ng/mL
LH	13.10 mIU/mL	≤ 8.6 mIU/mL
FSH	15.40 mIU/mL	≤ 12.4 mIU/mL
E	45.90 pg/mL	0.0-36.5 pg/mL
PRL	30.50 ng/mL	2.1-17.7 ng/mL
T	279.00 ng/dL	241-827 ng/dL
ALB	38.2 g/L	40-55 g/L

RBC: Red blood cells; HB: Hemoglobin; MPV: Mean platelet volume; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; HCG: Human chorionic gonadotropin; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; LH: Luteinizing hormone; FSH: Follicle stimulating hormone; E: Estradiol; PRL: Pituitary prolactin; T: Testosterone; ALB: Albumin.

Table 2 Distribution of testicular neuroendocrine tumor types and sizes in 132 cases

Tumor type	Number of cases	Rate	Size (mm)	mean size (mm)
Pure primary TNET	101	76.52%	3-100	41.75
TNET associated teratoma	22	16.67%	10-80	36.91
Secondary TNET	9	6.82%	5-60	22.13
Primary TNET associated with metastases	—	—	5-100	52.70

TNET: Testicular neuroendocrine tumor.

Table 3 Distribution of testicular neuroendocrine tumor immunohistochemical results in 132 cases

Marker	Number of patients	Positive cases	Rate
Cytokeratin	29	27	93.10%
Chromogranin	59	59	100%
Synaptophysin	45	45	100%
PLAP	20	0	0
Serotonin	15	13	86.67%
NSE	14	14	100%
p53	11	0	0
CD56	7	7	100%
Vimentin	6	5	83.30%
Inhibin	4	0	0
TTF 1	3	1	33.33%
AFP	2	0	0

PLAP: Placental alkaline phosphatase; NSE: Neuron specific enolase; TTF: Thyroid transcription factor; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein.