Three-in-one incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocellular carcinoma, and neuroendocrine carcinoma: A case report

Table 1 Reports on liver tumors with triple (hepatocellular, cholangiocellular, and neuroendocrine) differentiation

Cases of liver tumors with triple differentiation described in the literature	Ref.
Two Chinese male patients (average age: 57.5 yr) were positive for hepatitis B and exhibited hepatic tumors with triple differentiation	He et al[18], 2013
A healthy 19-year-old Caucasian man developed a large hepatic tumor showing triple differentiation	Beard et al[16], 2017
A 65-year-old woman with a history of hepatitis C and rectal “carcinoid” developed a hepatic tumor with triple differentiation	Dimopoulos et al[17], 2021
A 32-year-old Chinese man with a history of hepatitis B and wine-drinking exhibited hepatic tumors with triple differentiation	Current case report

Table 2 Partial clinical data of patients

Gender	Age (yr)	Country	Site of primary lesion	Hepatitis	AFP (μg/L)	Ki-67	Therapy	Lifetime
Male	61	China	Liver	B	1210	5%	Surgical resection + TACE	Short
Male	54	China	Liver	B	1400	80%	Surgical resection + TACE	2 mo
Male	19	United States	Liver	/	Normal	High	Surgical resection + Cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy	> 8 mo
Female	65	United States	Rectum	C	2198	High	Surgical resection + Cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy	5 mo
Male	32	United States	Liver	B	4519	60%	Surgical resection + TACE	4 mo

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization.