Effects of propofol combined with lidocaine on hemodynamics, serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, interleukin-6, and cortisol in children

Table 1 Comparison of hemodynamic indexes of two groups of children (mean ± SD)

Groups	T0	T1	T2	T3
HR (times/min)
A group	113.6 ± 8.2	120.5 ± 8.0	118.9 ± 7.5	115.5 ± 8.4
B group	115.0 ± 9.0	126.1 ± 7.4	125.0 ± 8.3	116.8 ± 8.0
F value	F1 = 13.025, F2 = 15.776, F3 = 8.169
P value	P1 = 0.000, P2 = 0.000, P3 = 0.000
MAP (mmHg)
A group	85.2 ± 6.9	92.7 ± 5.5	92.0 ± 5.9	87.0 ± 5.3
B group	84.8 ± 6.5	96.0 ± 6.2	95.1 ± 6.8	89.1 ± 6.5
F value	F1 = 9.881, F2 = 13.764, F3 = 6.990
P value	P1 = 0.000, P2 = 0.000, P3 = 0.000
SpO2 (%)
A group	98.2 ± 0.6	97.7 ± 0.7	97.8 ± 0.6	98.0 ± 0.5
B group	98.3 ± 0.7	97.6 ± 0.6	97.9 ± 0.8	97.8 ± 0.7
F value	F1 = 2.514, F2 = 6.395, F3 = 1.552
P value	P1 = 0.168, P2 = 0.000, P3 = 0.351

F1 and P1 are between groups, F2 and P2 are time effect, F3 and P3 are interaction. HR: Heart rate; MAP: mean arterial pressure; SpO₂: Arterial oxygen saturation.

Table 2 Comparison of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, interleukin-6, and cortisol levels in two groups of children (mean ± SD)

Groups	ACTH (ng/L)		IL-6 (ng/L)		Cor (nmol/L)
	Preoperative	12 h after operation	Preoperative	12 h after operation	Preoperative	12 h after operation
A group (n = 60)	116.3 ± 15.7	130.2 ± 18.2	5.77 ± 2.01	12.41 ± 4.29	24.18 ± 4.26	36.80 ± 6.90
B group (n = 60)	114.7 ± 13.5	145.0 ± 22.1	6.03 ± 2.28	18.15 ± 5.88	25.04 ± 5.51	53.36 ± 8.15
t value	0.599	-4.004	-0.663	-6.109	-0.956	-12.012
P value	0.551	0.000	0.509	0.000	0.341	0.000

ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone; IL-6: Interleukin-6; Cor: Cortisol.

Table 3 Comparison of the occurrence of restlessness in the two groups of children during the waking period

Groups	PAED score (points)	Incidence of restlessness, n (%)
A group (n = 60)	6.2 ± 2.5	14 (23.33)
B group (n = 60)	8.1 ± 2.9	22 (36.67)
t/χ2 value	-3.844	4.104
P value	0.000	0.043

PAED: Paediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale.

Table 4 Comparison of extubation time, awake time, and out-of-room time between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Groups	Pull-out time (min)	Wake time (min)	Off room time (min)
A group (n = 60)	7.66 ± 1.84	10.59 ± 2.30	22.63 ± 3.81
B group (n = 60)	8.01 ± 1.92	11.36 ± 2.45	23.70 ± 3.54
t value	-1.019	-1.775	-1.594
P value	0.310	0.078	0.114

Table 5 Comparison of postoperative visual analog scale scores between two groups of children (mean ± SD)

Groups	2 h after operation	8 h after operation	12 h after operation	24 h after operation
A group (n = 60)	2.77 ± 0.64	3.38 ± 0.61	3.41 ± 0.74	2.18 ± 0.50
B group (n = 60)	3.10 ± 0.61	3.76 ± 0.74	3.60 ± 0.82	2.34 ± 0.58
t value	-2.891	-3.069	-1.332	-1.618
P value	0.005	0.003	0.185	0.108

Table 6 Comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups, n (%)

Group	Feel sick and vomit	Tongue drop	Lethargy	Adverse reactions
A group (n = 60)	3	1	1	5 (6.25)
B group (n = 60)	7	3	3	13 (16.25)
χ2 value				4.183
P value				0.041