Three-dimensional arterial spin labeling and diffusion kurtosis imaging in evaluating perfusion and infarct area size in acute cerebral ischemia

Table 1 Comparison of diffusion kurtosis imaging parameters between the lesion and control areas (mean ± SD)

Indexes	The lesion area (n = 84)	The control area (n = 84)	t value	P value
ADC	576.3 ± 94.2	756.0 ± 102.1	-11.856	0.000
MD	0.651 ± 0.150	0.847 ± 0.167	-8.003	0.000
AD	0.830 ± 0.167	1.305 ± 0.204	-16.513	0.000
RD	0.531 ± 0.093	0.644 ± 0.122	-6.751	0.000
AK	1.281 ± 0.224	0.760 ± 0.115	18.964	0.000
MK	1.256 ± 0.241	0.922 ± 0.207	9.636	0.000
RK	1.328 ± 0.304	0.987 ± 0.185	8.782	0.000

ADC: Apparent diffusion coefficient; MD: Average diffusion coefficient; AD: Axial diffusion; RD: Radial diffusion; AK: Axial kurtosis; MK: Average kurtosis; RK: Radial kurtosis.

Table 2 Comparison of cerebral blood flow values between the lesion area and control area under different parameters of different delay time after labeling (mean ± SD, mL/100 g/min)

Groups	n	PLD1.5s	PLD2.5s
Focal area	84	22.64 ± 5.81	14.03 ± 3.91
Control area	84	34.51 ± 7.03	37.58 ± 7.76
t value		-11.929	-24.839
P value		0.000	0.000

PLD: Perfusion parameters post-labeling delays.

Table 3 Comparison of parameters of different delay time after labeling 1.5s perfusion parameters of average kurtosis/average diffusion coefficient-matched and unmatched infarct lesions (mean ± SD, mL/100 g/min)

Lesion area	MK/MD unmatched (n = 48)	MK/MD matched (n = 36)	t value	P value
Central are	16.33 ± 4.75	17.50 ± 4.82	-1.110	0.270
Peripheral area	26.95 ± 5.30a,d	28.03 ± 5.47a,d	-0.912	0.365
Unmatched area	25.73 ± 5.54a,d	-
Matched area	34.60 ± 6.95d	34.12 ± 6.85d	0.315	0.753
F value	29.064	28.551
P value	0.000	0.000

^aP < 0.05 vs the control area.

^dP < 0.05 vs the central area.

MK: Average kurtosis; MD: Average diffusion coefficient.

Table 4 Comparison of parameters of different delay time after labeling 2.5s perfusion parameters of average kurtosis/average diffusion coefficient-matched and unmatched infarct lesions (mean ± SD, mL/100 g/min)

Lesion area	MK/MD unmatched (n = 48)	MK/MD matched (n = 36)	t value	P value
Central area	11.50 ± 3.89	12.28 ± 4.03	-0.896	0.373
Peripheral area	25.84 ± 6.03a,d	26.71 ± 5.94a,d	-0.659	0.512
Unmatched area	21.76 ± 5.20a,d	-
Control area	37.85 ± 7.54	38.90 ± 7.41d	-0.636	0.526
F value	41.025	43.008
P value	0.000	0.000

^aP < 0.05 vs the control area.

^dP < 0.05 vs the central area.

MK: Average kurtosis; MD: Average diffusion coefficient.