Bladder perforation caused by long-term catheterization misdiagnosed as digestive tract perforation: A case report

Figure 1 Computed tomography image of the patient’s abdomen before surgery. A: The catheter was indwelling, and the intestinal cavity was dilated; B: A small amount of free gas in the abdominal cavity; C: A small amount of effusion around the liver and spleen; D and F: Air collected in the bladder; E: The bladder wall was thickened, and the end of catheter was sighted in the bladder wall.

Figure 2 Images from the laparoscopic exploration. A: Dark red fluid was found accumulated around the liver; B and C: A large amount of purulent fluid and purulent moss can be seen in the abdominal cavity and intestine.

Figure 3 Intraoperative photograph of the patient. A perforation is seen in the upper wall of the bladder with a diameter of approximately 5 mm.

Figure 4 Ultrasound image from a year prior. Ultrasonic image showing the insertion of the urinary catheter terminal into the mucosal layer of the bladder.