Performing medical thoracoscopy safely in the outpatient setting: A case report

Figure 1 Radiology images. A: Pre-procedural computed tomography scan image on 3 March 2026, showing a moderately large left-sided pleural effusion (asterisk); B: Post-procedure chest X-ray image on March 5, 2026, 2 hours after thoracoscopy, showing complete pleural fluid drainage, a left-sided chest tube in situ, and an unexpanded left lung (asterisk); C: Post-procedure chest X-ray image on March 20, 2026, 2 weeks after thoracoscopy, showing partial accumulation of pleural fluid, an air-fluid level (asterisk), and an unexpandable left lung.

Figure 2 Thoracoscopy images. A: Parietal pleura over the diaphragm covered with patchy golden-yellow plaques and nodules (asterisk); B: Parietal pleura over the inner thoracic cavity covered with patchy golden-yellow plaques and nodules (asterisk). Histology confirmed the presence of non-small cell carcinoma (TTF-1 positive); C: Golden-yellow serous pleural fluid (asterisk) in the left costophrenic recess; D: Left lung and visceral pleura with golden-yellow nodules (asterisk).