Methodological strategies for mapping HLA susceptibility loci in vitiligo: A focused minireview

doi:10.5662/wjm.v16.i3.112691

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World Journal of Methodology

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2222-0682

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Minireviews

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Methodol. Sep 20, 2026; 16(3): 112691
Published online Sep 20, 2026. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v16.i3.112691

Methodological strategies for mapping HLA susceptibility loci in vitiligo: A focused minireview

Abdellatif Bouayad

Abdellatif Bouayad, Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed First University, Oujda 4867, Oriental, Morocco

Author contributions: Bouayad A wrote and designed the minireview.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The author declares no competing interests.

Corresponding author: Abdellatif Bouayad, Associate Professor, Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed First University, Mohammed V Avenue, P.O. Box 724, Oujda 4867, Oriental, Morocco. a.bouayad@ump.ac.ma

Received: August 4, 2025
Revised: August 11, 2025
Accepted: November 5, 2025
Published online: September 20, 2026
Processing time: 341 Days and 17.3 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Sequencing-based HLA typing offers higher resolution and can detect novel HLA alleles in vitiligo that may be missed by serological or conventional molecular methods. While gene expression and association studies are susceptible to false positives, rigorous genome-wide association studies incorporating quality control, population stratification adjustment, and replication enhance reliability. Computational modeling of the HLA-peptide-TCR complex holds promise for guiding the development of targeted precision immunotherapies.