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World J Nephrol. Mar 25, 2026; 15(1): 114146
Published online Mar 25, 2026. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v15.i1.114146
Figure 1
Figure 1 Schematic representation of phosphate handling and systemic effects in chronic kidney disease. Metal-based and resin-based phosphate binders act within the intestinal lumen to limit phosphate absorption. Persistent hyperphosphatemia contributes to vascular calcification, bone disorders, and cardiovascular complications (created in BioRender). NHE3: Sodium/hydrogen exchanger isoform 3; PTH: Parathyroid hormone.