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Protein carbonyl: A sensitive marker reflecting oxidative stress in prevalent hemodialysis patients
Hayam Aref, Hussein Sayed Hussein Abd Allah, Amany Gamal Abd El Monem, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11511, Al Qahirah, Egypt
Ashraf Hassan Abd El Mobdy, Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11511, Al Qahirah, Egypt
Author contributions: Abd Allah HSH wrote the first draft of the manuscript; Aref H, Abd Allah HSH, Abd El Monem AG, and Abd El Mobdy AH performed material preparation, data collection and analysis; all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript, contributed to the study conception and design, read and approved of the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study took place from September 2022 to February 2023, following approval by the Ethical Committee of Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, and in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (No. MS 850/2022).
Informed consent statement: All participants provided informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement – checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement – checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: Data are available in reasonable request from corresponding author.
Corresponding author: Ashraf Hassan Abd El Mobdy, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Ahmed Fakhry Street, Nasr City, Cairo 11511, Al Qahirah, Egypt. ashrafnephro@med.asu.edu.eg
Received: February 13, 2026
Revised: April 25, 2026
Accepted: June 16, 2026
Published online: September 25, 2026
Processing time: 182 Days and 12 Hours
Revised: April 25, 2026
Accepted: June 16, 2026
Published online: September 25, 2026
Processing time: 182 Days and 12 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Serum protein carbonyl titres were markedly elevated in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis, reflecting enhanced oxidative stress. Given its high diagnostic accuracy, protein carbonyl can act as a sensitive and reliable marker for oxidative stress in end-stage renal disease.