Mohamed D, Hamed I, Mabrok HB. Cardamom extract: An effective weapon in prevention of cardiorenal syndrome induced in rats by cisplatin and high-fat diet. World J Nephrol 2025; 14(3): 107736 [DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v14.i3.107736]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Doha Mohamed, PhD, Professor, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt. dohamohamed@yahoo.com
Research Domain of This Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Article-Type of This Article
Basic Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Nephrol. Sep 25, 2025; 14(3): 107736 Published online Sep 25, 2025. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v14.i3.107736
Cardamom extract: An effective weapon in prevention of cardiorenal syndrome induced in rats by cisplatin and high-fat diet
Doha Mohamed, Ibrahim Hamed, Hoda B Mabrok
Doha Mohamed, Ibrahim Hamed, Hoda B Mabrok, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
Author contributions: Mohamed D contributed to conceptualization and supervision; Mohamed D and Mabrok HB contributed to methodology; Mohamed D, Mabrok HB, and Hamed I contributed to data curation; all authors contributed to original draft writing, review and editing; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Supported by the National Research Centre, Egypt, No. 13050203.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: This study was done as part of internal project No. 13050203 funded by the NRC. The project procedures were permitted by the Medical Research Ethics Committee, NRC (approval number 13050203) following the recommendations of the National Institutes of Health Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Publication No. 85-23, revised 1985).
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE guidelines.
Data sharing statement: No additional data is available.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Doha Mohamed, PhD, Professor, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt. dohamohamed@yahoo.com
Received: March 28, 2025 Revised: April 20, 2025 Accepted: June 10, 2025 Published online: September 25, 2025 Processing time: 173 Days and 10.2 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Overnutrition and unhealthy dietary habits are established risk factors for cardiovascular and renal diseases, which may lead to the development of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS).
AIM
To evaluate the cardiorenal protective potential of crude ethanol extract (CEE) of green cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum L., Family Zingiberaceae).
METHODS
Rats were fed a high-fat diet to induce dyslipidemia and subsequently administered cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg) to induce CRS. CEE was administered orally to CRS rats at low (100 mg/kg) and high (200 mg/kg) doses for one month. Oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, cardiovascular disease markers, cardiac indices, and renal function (in plasma and urine) were assessed. The antioxidant activity and phenolic compound profile of CEE were evaluated. Additionally, the potential interactions of CEE phenolics with components of the Hippo signaling pathway (mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1, large tumor suppressor kinase 1, Yes-associated protein, and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif) were investigated using molecular docking.
RESULTS
Cisplatin administration combined with a high-fat diet effectively induced CRS, as evidenced by elevated oxidative stress, inflammation, and impaired cardiorenal parameters. Treatment with CEE at both doses improved these parameters, with the high dose demonstrating greater efficacy. CEE exhibited significant DPPH radical scavenging activity. Rosmarinic acid and gallic acid were identified as the major phenolic constituents. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinities of rosmarinic acid and rutin with targets in the Hippo signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION
These findings demonstrate the cardioprotective and renoprotective potential of CEE as a phenolic-rich dietary supplement. CEE mitigated inflammation and oxidative stress, key contributors to CRS pathogenesis. Furthermore, molecular docking suggests that the phenolic compounds in CEE may exert protective effects by modulating the Hippo signaling pathway. Overall, CEE shows promise as a natural therapeutic agent for the prevention and/or management of cardiorenal syndrome.
Core Tip: In this study, cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) was experimentally induced in rats using a high-fat diet and cisplatin. The protective effects of crude ethanol extract (CEE) of cardamom were evaluated through comprehensive biochemical analyses. The potential mechanistic role of CEE phenolics was explored via molecular docking with the Hippo signaling pathway. The findings suggest that CEE, as a phenolic-rich dietary supplement, may protect against CRS by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, and by targeting components of the Hippo pathway.
