Outcomes of liver resection in hepatitis C virus-related intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

doi:10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88946

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World Journal of Virology

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World J Virol. Mar 25, 2024; 13(1): 88946
Published online Mar 25, 2024. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88946

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and patient demographics of the included studies (n = 7)

No.	Ref.	Study design	Study period	Country	Sample size, n (%)	Age, yr	Males, n (%)	Tumor size, cm	Cirrhosis, n	Tumor stage	Tumor grade
1	Hai et al[11], 2005	Retrospective	Jan 1997-Dec 2002	Japan	HCV+: 17; HCV-: 21	HCV+: 69.0 ± 4.9; HCV-: 60.6 ± 12.4	HCV+: 10; HCV-: 13	HCV+: 3.6 ± 2.3; HCV-: 6.4 ± 4.5	NR	HCV+:I: 4, II: 4, III: 3, IV: 6; HCV-: I: 0, II: 6, III: 7, IV: 8	NR
2	Kaibori et al[19], 2021¹	Retrospective	Jan 2000-Dec 2007	Japan	HCV+: 102; HCV-: 102	HCV+: ≥ 70: 56/102; HCV-: ≥ 70: 59/102	HCV+: 64; HCV-: 74	HCV+: ≥ 3.5cm: 69/102; HCV-: ≥ 3.5cm: 61/102	HCV+: 24; HCV-: 8	NR	HCV+:well: 14, moderate: 49, poor: 27; HCV-: well: 21, moderate: 53, poor: 11
3	Uenishi et al[20], 2014	Retrospective	Jan 2000-Dec 2011	Japan	HCV+: 33 HCV-: 57	HCV+: 66.9 ± 9.0; HCV-: 64.3 ± 11.2	HCV+: 23; HCV-: 38	HCV+: 4.7 ± 1.7; HCV-: 4.8 ± 2.6	HCV+: 14; HCV-: 3	HCV+:I: 12, II: 7, III: 5, IV: 9; HCV-: I: 18, II: 9, III: 5, IV: 25	HCV+: poor: 7; HCV-: poor: 7
4	Cai et al[18], 2021	Retrospective	Dec 2008-Dec 2017	China	HCV+: 3; HCV-: 527	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
5	Ariizumi et al[17], 2011	Retrospective	1989-2008	Japan	HCV+: 42; HCV-: 92	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
6	Yang et al[21], 2019	Retrospective	Jan 2005-Dec 2011	China	HCV+: 1; HCV-: 167	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
7	Terakawa et al[22], 2004	Retrospective	Jan 1992-Dec 2001	Japan	HCV+: 7; HCV-: 10	HCV+:64.0 ± 3.0; HCV-: 66.0 ± 3.0	HCV+: 4; HCV-: 8	HCV+: 5.0 ± 1.2; HCV-: 5.1 ± 1.0	NR	HCV+:II: 1, III: 3, IV: 3HCV-: II: 2, III: 4, IV: 4	HCV+:well: 1, moderate: 4; HCV-: well: 1, moderate: 5

¹Values included in this study is obtained after propensity score matching. HCV: Hepatitis C Virus; NR: Not reported.

Table 2 Summary of effect size of different study variables and outcomes between hepatitis C virus-positive group and hepatitis C virus-negative group

No.	Study variables and/or outcomes	No. of data sets	Total number of patients, n (HCV+/HCV-)	No. of patients (%)		Effect size, OR (95%CI)/MD (95%CI)/HR (95%CI)¹	P value	I², %	Model used
No.	Study variables and/or outcomes	No. of data sets	Total number of patients, n (HCV+/HCV-)	HCV+	HCV-	Effect size, OR (95%CI)/MD (95%CI)/HR (95%CI)¹	P value	I², %	Model used
Demographics and histopathological findings
1	Age, yr	4	349 (159/190)	NA		2.55 (-3.09, 8.20)	0.38	82	RE
2	Male	4	349 (159/190)	101 (63.5)	133 (70.0)	0.74 (0.47, 1.17)	0.20	0	FE
3	ALT, IU/L	2	294 (135/159)	NA		22.20 (13.75, 30.65)	< 0.00001^a	0	FE
4	AST, IU/L	2	294 (135/159)	NA		27.27 (20.20, 34.34)	< 0.00001^a	0	FE
5	Albumin, g/L	2	294 (135/159)	NA		-0.11 (-0.34, 0.12)	0.34	71	RE
6	Bilirubin, umol/L	2	294 (135/159)	NA		-0.07 (-0.33, 0.19)	0.61	84	RE
7	Platelets, 10⁴/mm³	2	294 (135/159)	NA		-1.96 (-5.88, 1.96)	0.33	71	RE
8	Tumor size, cm	3	145 (57/88)	NA		-0.61 (-1.79, 0.57)	0.31	62	RE
9	Multiple tumors	3	311 (142/169)	25 (17.6)	30 (17.8)	1.12 (0.61, 2.06)	0.70	0	FE
10	Cirrhosis	2	294 (135/159)	35 (25.9)	11 (6.9)	5.78 (1.38, 24.14)	0.02^a	69	RE
11	Vascular invasion	3	145 (57/88)	20 (35.1)	36 (40.9)	0.76 (0.37, 1.54)	0.45	0	FE
12	Bile duct invasion	2	294 (135/159)	53 (39.3)	64 (40.3)	0.86 (0.53, 1.39)	0.53	0	FE
13	Lymph node metastases	4	349 (159/190)	41 (25.8)	54 (28.4)	0.85 (0.53, 1.37)	0.51	15	FE
14	Stage 4	3	145 (57/88)	18 (31.6)	37 (42.0)	0.64 (0.32, 1.28)	0.21	0	FE
15	Poorly differentiated	2	273 (127/146)	34 (26.8)	18 (12.3)	2.55 (1.34, 4.82)	0.004^a	0	FE
16	Simultaneous HCC lesions	2	128 (50/78)	13 (26.0)	3 (3.8)	8.31 (2.36, 29.26)	0.001^a	0	FE
Outcomes
17	Overall survival	4	841 (145/696)	NA		2.05 (1.46, 2.88)	<0.0001^a	0	FE

¹Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) was used for dichotomous outcomes, mean difference and 95%CI was used for continuous outcomes, and hazards ratio and 95%CI was used for time-to-event outcomes.

^aData with statistical significance (P < 0.05).

ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; CI: Confidence interval; FE: Fixed-effects; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HR: Hazards ratio; I²: Heterogeneity; MD: Mean difference; NA: Not applicable; OR: Odds ratio; RE: Random-effects.

Table 3 Survival outcomes reported in the included studies (n = 7)

No.	Ref.	1-yr OS, %	1-yr DFS, %	3-yr OS, %	3-yr RFS, %	3-yr DFS, %	5-yr OS, %	5-yr RFS, %
1	Hai et al[11], 2005	HCV+: 70.9; HCV-: 75.6	HCV+: 55.7; HCV-: 49.0	HCV+: 41.4; HCV-: 30.1	NR	HCV+: 27.9; HCV-: 32.7	NR	NR
2	Kaibori et al[19], 2021¹	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	HCV+: 32.2; HCV-: 44.7	HCV+: 25.0; HCV-: 31.3
3	Uenishi et al[20], 2014	NR	NR	HCV+: 30.6; HCV-: 65.6	HCV+: 29.9; HCV-: 31.4	NR	HCV+: 21.9; HCV-: 32.8	HCV+: 22.4; HCV-: 20.6
4	Cai et al[18], 2021	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
5	Ariizumi et al[17], 2011	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	HCV+: 53; HCV-: 32	NR
6	Yang et al[21], 2019	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
7	Terakawa et al[22], 2004	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR

¹Values included is this study is obtained after propensity score matching.

DFS: Disease-free survival; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; NR: Not reported; OS: Overall survival; RFS: Recurrence-free survival.

Citation: Cheo FY, Chan KS, Shelat VG. Outcomes of liver resection in hepatitis C virus-related intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Virol 2024; 13(1): 88946
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v13/i1/88946.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88946