Published online Jun 25, 2025. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i2.102673
Revised: February 25, 2025
Accepted: March 12, 2025
Published online: June 25, 2025
Processing time: 241 Days and 7.5 Hours
Core Tip: Current treatment of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection with off-label use of pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) is limited by poor efficacy and safety. Guidelines of major international liver societies including the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, European Association for the Study of Liver and Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver provide recommendations for contemporary management of HDV infection with Peg-IFN and/or bulevirtide. Significant unmet medical needs remain in the treatment of HDV and recent advances in drug development offer hope for significant improvement in virologic response rates and clinical outcomes. This review summarizes trial design and available efficacy data from key phase 2 and 3 trials for investigational therapies including entry inhibitors (bulevirtide), prenylation inhibitors (lonafarnib), novel interferons (peginterferon lambda), RNA interference molecules (JNJ-3989, elebsiran), monoclonal antibodies (tobevibart), and nucleic acid polymers (REP2139), and report important advances with monotherapy and combination regimens which are associated with high rates of virologic response.
