Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Virol. Dec 25, 2023; 12(5): 242-255
Published online Dec 25, 2023. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v12.i5.242
Emerging perspectives on RNA virus-mediated infections: from pathogenesis to therapeutic interventions
Pratik Mohanty, Poojarani Panda, Rakesh Kumar Acharya, Babita Pande, LVKS Bhaskar, Henu Kumar Verma
Pratik Mohanty, Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
Poojarani Panda, Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
Rakesh Kumar Acharya, LVKS Bhaskar, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
Babita Pande, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Raipur 492001, chhattisgarh, India
Henu Kumar Verma, Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich 85764, Bayren, Germany
Author contributions: Mohanty P, Panda P, Acharya RK were involved in the data collection and validation; provided the first draft of the manuscript; Pande B, Verma HK and Bhaskar L prepared the figures and tables, wrote and finalized the manuscript; Pande B, Bhaskar L, and Verma HK designed the outline and coordinated the writing of the paper.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Henu Kumar Verma, PhD, Senior Scientist, Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Munich 85764, Bayren, Germany. henu.verma@yahoo.com
Received: October 18, 2023
Peer-review started: October 18, 2023
First decision: November 2, 2023
Revised: November 7, 2023
Accepted: November 29, 2023
Article in press: November 29, 2023
Published online: December 25, 2023
Processing time: 68 Days and 1.5 Hours
Abstract

RNA viruses continue to pose significant threats to global public health, necessitating a profound understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms and the development of effective therapeutic interventions. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of emerging perspectives on RNA virus-mediated infections, spanning from the intricate intricacies of viral pathogenesis to the forefront of innovative therapeutic strategies. A critical exploration of antiviral drugs sets the stage, highlighting the diverse classes of compounds that target various stages of the viral life cycle, underscoring the ongoing efforts to combat viral infections. Central to this discussion is the exploration of RNA-based therapeutics, with a spotlight on messenger RNA (mRNA)-based approaches that have revolutionized the landscape of antiviral interventions. Furthermore, the manuscript delves into the intricate world of delivery systems, exploring inno-vative technologies designed to enhance the efficiency and safety of mRNA vaccines. By analyzing the challenges and advancements in delivery mechanisms, this review offers a roadmap for future research and development in this critical area. Beyond conventional infectious diseases, the document explores the expanding applications of mRNA vaccines, including their promising roles in cancer immunotherapy and personalized medicine approaches. This manuscript serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers alike, offering a nuanced perspective on RNA virus pathogenesis and the cutting-edge therapeutic interventions. By synthesizing the latest advancements and challenges, this review contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse in the field, driving the development of novel strategies to combat RNA virus-mediated infections effectively.

Keywords: RNA virus; Infections; Therapeutics; Drug target; Pathogenesis

Core Tip: This comprehensive review explores the intricate world of RNA viruses, highlighting innovative antiviral drugs, mRNA-based therapies, and advanced delivery systems. Our research delves into the nuances of viral pathogenesis and offers insights into combating infections. By synthesizing the latest advancements, this manuscript is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers. We believe our work significantly contributes to the ongoing discourse and development of novel strategies against RNA virus-mediated infections.