Increased risk of rejection in liver transplant recipients with a history of malabsorptive bariatric surgery

Table 1 Background and demographic information between liver transplant recipients with malabsorptive anatomy and controls, n (%)

Variable	Control (n = 25)	History of malabsorptive bariatric surgery (n = 12)	P value
Age	50.2 ± 8.9	50.5 ± 6.8	0.93
Female sex	22 (88)	11 (92)	0.97
Race
White	17 (68)	7 (58.3)	0.71
Black	6 (24)	3 (25)
Other	2 (8)	2 (8)
Hispanic ethnicity	5 (20)	3 (25)
Comorbidities
Hypertension	5 (20)	1 (8.3)	0.37
Diabetes	6 (24)	1 (8.3)	0.26
Heart failure	1 (4)	1 (8.3)	0.97
Chronic kidney disease	3 (12)	1 (8.3)	0.74
Primary listing diagnosis
Alcohol-associated liver disease	15 (60)	7 (58.3)	0.92
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis	3 (12)	2 (16.7)	0.70
Hepatitis C virus	3 (12)	1 (8.3)	0.74
Hepatitis B virus	0	1 (8.3)	0.14
Autoimmune hepatitis	2 (8)	1 (8.3)	0.97
Body mass index (kg/m2)	26.5 ± 6.8	28.0 ± 6.5	0.49
Model for end-stage liver disease	26.5 ± 6.7	27.6 ± 8.1	0.68

Table 2 Perioperative and long-term outcomes between liver transplant recipients with malabsorptive anatomy and controls, n (%)

Variable	Control (n = 25)	History of malabsorptive bariatric surgery (n = 12)	P value
Cold ischemia time (hours)	6.8 ± 2.5	7.4 ± 2.2	0.54
Length of stay	20.3 ± 18.0	25.3 ± 22.4	0.48
Clavien-Dindo complication
Grade II	3 (12)	0	0.21
Grade IIIa	3 (12)	1 (8.3)	0.74
Grade IIIb	7 (28)	7 (58.3)	0.08
Grade IV	2 (8)	0	0.31
Grade V	0	0	-
1 year survival	24 (96)	12 (100)	0.48

Table 3 Graft rejection outcomes between liver transplant recipients with malabsorptive anatomy and controls, n (%)

Variable	Control (n = 25)	History of malabsorptive bariatric surgery (n = 12)	P value
Acute cellular rejection	6 (24)	8 (66.7)	0.012a
Number of rejection episodes	0.28 ± 0.53	1 ± 0.91	0.006b
1 year survival	24 (96)	12 (100)	0.48

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.