Increased incidence of gastric food retention during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in liver transplant recipients: A retrospective cohort study

doi:10.5500/wjt.v15.i4.108159

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Dec 18, 2025 (publication date) through Nov 18, 2025

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World Journal of Transplantation

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2220-3230

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

World J Transplant. Dec 18, 2025; 15(4): 108159
Published online Dec 18, 2025. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v15.i4.108159

Table 1 Overview and demographic characteristics of patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, n (%)/mean ± SD

Patient characteristics (n = 1100)
Age (years)	62.3 ± 16.5
Female	522 (47.5)
Liver transplant	238 (21.6)
Diabetes	227 (20.6)
Previous Gastric Surgery	8 (0.7)

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Table 2 Factors associated with gastric food retention in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography patients: Univariate and multivariate analyses, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variable	Food retention	No food retention	Univariate analysis (P value)	Multivariate analysis
Variable	Food retention	No food retention	Univariate analysis (P value)	Adjusted OR	95%CI	P value
Age (years)	57 ± 19.5	62 ± 16.4	0.17	0.98	0.75-6.93	0.16
Sex (male)	8 (1.4)	570 (98.6)	0.8	-	-	-
LT recipient	9 (3.8)	229 (96.2)	0.04	3.5	1.28-9.68	0.035
Diabetes mellitus	7 (3.0)	220 (97.0)	0.06	1.9	0.95-1.01	0.22
Gastric surgery	0 (0)	8 (100)	1.0	-	-	-

LT: Liver transplant; OR: Odds ratio.

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Citation: Chen S, McGarrigle V, Vaughan R, Shimamura Y, Chandran S, Zorron Cheng Tao Pu L, Efthymiou M. Increased incidence of gastric food retention during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in liver transplant recipients: A retrospective cohort study. World J Transplant 2025; 15(4): 108159
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3230/full/v15/i4/108159.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v15.i4.108159