©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Transplant. Feb 24, 2017; 7(1): 1-25
Published online Feb 24, 2017. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v7.i1.1
Published online Feb 24, 2017. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v7.i1.1
Old game, new players: Linking classical theories to new trends in transplant immunology
Marina Burgos da Silva, Fernanda Fernandes Terra, Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508- 900, Brazil
Flavia Franco da Cunha, Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara, Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara, Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246- 903, Brazil
Author contributions: da Silva MB, da Cunha FF and Terra FF contributed equally to this work; da Silva MB, da Cunha FF and Terra FF performed the research and wrote the paper; Camara NOS analyzed the paper, discussed the topic and supervised the publication of this review.
Supported by São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP, Nos. 2012/23347-3, 2014/14147-6, 2012/02270-2 and CNPq.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.
Correspondence to: Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara, MD, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 1730 Av. Prof Lineu Prestes - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508- 900, Brazil. niels@icb.usp.br
Telephone: +55-11-30917388 Fax: +55-11-30917324
Received: August 15, 2016
Peer-review started: August 23, 2016
First decision: September 28, 2016
Revised: November 16, 2016
Accepted: December 7, 2016
Article in press: December 9, 2016
Published online: February 24, 2017
Processing time: 190 Days and 16.3 Hours
Peer-review started: August 23, 2016
First decision: September 28, 2016
Revised: November 16, 2016
Accepted: December 7, 2016
Article in press: December 9, 2016
Published online: February 24, 2017
Processing time: 190 Days and 16.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Although the basic mechanisms of transplant allorecognition have been the object of intense study for the last 80 years, graft rejection is still an important obstacle in clinical practice. This review focuses on the principal concepts of transplant immunology and how they apply to the most recent discoveries in the field. It also reviews current treatments used to prolong graft survival and recent approach trends toward tolerance induction in the translational setting.