Effect of pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination and education on knowledge-belief-behavior, anxiety, risk-averse behavior childbearing-age women

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between two groups, mean ± SD/n (%)

Baseline data	Control group (n = 100)	Observation group (n = 100)	t/χ2 value	P value
Age (years)	26.85 ± 1.65	26.94 ± 1.72	0.378	0.706
Pre-pregnancy body mass index (kg/m2)	22.17 ± 2.19	22.31 ± 2.28	0.443	0.658
Ethnicity			0.177	0.675
Han Chinese	86 (86.00)	88 (88.00)
Ethnic minority	14 (14.00)	12 (12.00)
Educational level			0.126	0.939
Junior high school and below	21 (21.00)	23 (23.00)
Technical secondary school/high school	60 (60.00)	59 (59.00)
College degree or above	19 (19.00)	18 (18.00)
Place of residence			0.212	0.645
Town/city	68 (68.00)	71 (71.00)
Rural area	32 (32.00)	29 (29.00)
Monthly family income (Chinese yuan)			0.977	0.614
< 5000	25 (25.00)	24 (24.00)
5000-8000	68 (68.00)	65 (65.00)
> 8000	7 (7.00)	11 (11.00)
Abnormalities found during pre-pregnancy examination			0.907	0.341
Yes	14 (14.00)	19 (19.00)
No	86 (86.00)	81 (81.00)
Early pregnancy work status			2.734	0.255
Resting at home	23 (23.00)	21 (21.00)
Work reduction	44 (44.00)	55 (55.00)
Normal operation	33 (33.00)	24 (24.00)

Table 2 Comparison of the scores for knowledge-belief-behavior prenatal health care between the two groups (points, mean ± SD)

Knowledge-belief-behavior scale	Phase	Control group (n = 100)	Observation group (n = 100)	t value	P value
Health knowledge rating (points)	Before the intervention	6.32 ± 0.74	6.18 ± 0.85	1.242	0.216
	After the intervention	9.85 ± 1.21a	11.25 ± 1.36a	7.691	< 0.001
Health attitude rating (points)	Before the intervention	3.15 ± 0.32	3.20 ± 0.37	1.022	0.308
	After the intervention	4.21 ± 0.36a	4.95 ± 0.44a	13.020	< 0.001
Healthcare behavior rating (points)	Before the intervention	2.98 ± 0.27	2.93 ± 0.24	1.384	0.168
	After the intervention	3.67 ± 0.43a	4.25 ± 0.53a	8.498	< 0.001
Total rating (points)	Before the intervention	12.42 ± 0.90	12.33 ± 0.93	0.695	0.488
	After the intervention	17.66 ± 1.35a	20.49 ± 1.51a	13.970	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05.

P calculated compared with before intervention in the same group.

Table 3 Comparison of anxiety scores between two groups (points, mean ± SD)

HAMA scale	Phase	Control group (n = 100)	Observation group (n = 100)	t value	P value
HAMA rating (points)	Before the intervention	13.42 ± 1.48	13.58 ± 1.69	0.712	0.477
	After the intervention	15.54 ± 2.95a	14.03 ± 2.05b	4.203	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05.

^bP > 0.05.

P calculated compared with before intervention in the same group. HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale.

Table 4 Comparison of risk avoidance behavior abilities between two groups (points, mean ± SD)

HPLP-II scale	Phase	Control group (n = 100)	Observation group (n = 100)	t value	P value
Interpersonal relationships rating (points)	Before the intervention	17.06 ± 2.31	17.15 ± 2.34	0.274	0.785
	After the intervention	18.42 ± 2.45a	20.18 ± 2.66a	4.867	< 0.001
Nutrition rating (points)	Before the intervention	14.46 ± 1.28	14.37 ± 1.18	0.517	0.606
	After the intervention	18.54 ± 1.77a	21.48 ± 1.96a	11.130	< 0.001
Health responsibility rating (points)	Before the intervention	15.67 ± 0.98	15.56 ± 0.85	0.848	0.397
	After the intervention	19.40 ± 1.35a	22.71 ± 1.48a	16.520	< 0.001
Sports activities rating (points)	Before the intervention	13.87 ± 1.19	13.85 ± 1.21	0.118	0.906
	After the intervention	17.45 ± 1.72a	19.23 ± 1.86a	7.026	< 0.001
Stress management rating (points)	Before the intervention	14.92 ± 1.18	14.87 ± 1.04	0.318	0.751
	After the intervention	16.83 ± 1.59a	19.25 ± 1.58a	10.801	< 0.001
Spiritual growth rating (points)	Before the intervention	14.76 ± 0.97	14.68 ± 0.93	0.595	0.552
	After the intervention	17.54 ± 1.26a	20.56 ± 1.79a	13.801	< 0.001
Total rating (points)	Before the intervention	90.79 ± 3.33	90.31 ± 3.35	1.016	0.311
	After the intervention	108.18 ± 4.42a	123.41 ± 4.31a	24.670	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05.

P calculated compared with before intervention in the same group.

Table 5 Comparison of adverse pregnancy outcomes and incidence of neonatal birth defects between two groups, n (%)

Group	n	Adverse pregnancy outcomes				Birth defects in newborns
		Premature birth	Low birth weight infants	Macrosomia	Overall incidence rate
Control group	100	4 (4.00)	4 (4.00)	2 (2.00)	10 (10.00)	4 (4.00)
Observation group	100	1 (1.00)	1 (1.00)	0 (0.00)	2 (2.00)	0 (0.00)
χ2 value					5.674	4.082
P value					0.017	0.043