Effect of anxiety and depression symptoms in pregnancy on Apgar score and birth weight of newborns

Table 1 Comparison of clinical data between the two groups of neonates

Group		Adverse outcome group (n = 30)	Normal group (n = 70)	t/χ2	P value
Age (year)		29.17 ± 2.23	28.87 ± 2.12	0.629	0.531
Gestational week		37.83 ± 1.78	38.17 ± 2.01	0.795	0.428
BMI (kg/m2)		25.28 ± 1.56	25.48 ± 1.45	0.619	0.538
Education	Primary school	7 (23.33)	15 (21.43)	0.077	0.994
	Junior high school	7 (23.33)	17 (24.29)
	High school	8 (26.67)	18 (25.71)
	College or above	8 (26.67)	20 (28.57)
SAS score		57.23 ± 8.18	40.77 ± 4.06	10.481	0.000
SDS score		56.23 ± 6.13	41.01 ± 5.06	12.923	0.000
Did you work during pregnancy	Yes	13 (43.33)	46 (65.71)	4.349	0.037
	No	17 (56.67)	24 (34.29)
Occupation	Administrative organ	1 (3.33)	4 (5.71)	5.267	0.261
	Public institution	1 (3.33)	14 (20.00)
	Enterprise	10 (33.33)	21 (30.00)
	Freelancer	6 (20.00)	10 (14.29)
	Farming	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)
	Student	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)
	Othe	12 (40.00)	21 (30.00)
Monthly income (yuan)	< 5000	21 (70.00)	40 (57.14)	1.814	0.404
	5000-10000	7 (23.33)	26 (37.14)
	> 10000	2 (6.67)	4 (5.71)
Family history of mental illness	Have	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	-	1.000
	None	30 (100.00)	70 (100.00)
The impact of the epidemic on pregnancy	Hardly	14 (46.67)	44 (62.86)	6.202	0.185
	Occasionally	9 (30.00)	18 (25.71)
	Sometimes	5 (16.67)	8 (11.43)
	Often	1 (3.33)	0 (0.00)
	Always	1 (3.33)	0 (0.00)
Payment method for medical expenses	Employee medical insurance	5 (16.67)	22 (31.43)	2.633	0.268
	Resident medical insurance	14 (46.67)	30 (42.86)
	Out-of-pocket	11 (36.67)	18 (25.71)
Pregnancy times		2.07 ± 0.78	1.91 ± 0.74	0.929	0.355
Sleep condition	Good	6 (20.00)	33 (47.14)	6.548	0.038
	Average	13 (43.33)	21 (30.00)
	Poor	11 (36.67)	16 (22.86)
Pregnancy stress scale score		53.13 ± 6.75	47.56 ± 6.41	3.929	0.000
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)		6.35 ± 0.77	6.03 ± 0.65	2.054	0.043
Mode of delivery	Spontaneous delivery	7 (23.33)	57 (81.43)	30.789	0.000
	Forceps delivery	10 (33.33)	6 (8.57)
	Cesarean section	13 (43.33)	7 (10.00)
Gestational age (weeks)		37.00 ± 2.38	38.67 ± 2.03	3.585	0.001
Newborn weight (g)		2712.15 ± 532.75	2986.45 ± 237.13	2.708	0.011
Head circumference (cm)		32.67 ± 2.04	32.84 ± 10.67	0.133	0.895
Body length (cm)		47.83 ± 3.49	49.63 ± 1.46	2.722	0.010
5-minute Apgar score (points)		9.54 ± 0.45	9.76 ± 0.28	2.487	0.017

Data were showed as mean ± SD or n (%). BMI: Body mass index; SAS: Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; SDS: Self-Rating Depression Scale.

Table 2 Correlation of Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores with the occurrence of adverse neonatal outcomes

Project	5-minute Apgar rating		Birth weight
	r value	P value	r value	P value
Anxiety	-0.60	< 0.001	-0.80	< 0.001
Depression	-0.66	< 0.001	-0.81	< 0.001