Relationship between echocardiographic indicators, coronary artery lesions, and anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease

Table 1 Gensini score of coronary artery

Narrowness degree	Rating (points)	Location of lesion	Rating (points)
Complete occlusion	32	Small coronary artery branches	0.5
91%-99%	16	Left anterior descending distal segment	1.0
76%-90%	8	Right Coronary Artery	1.0
51%-75%	4	Middle or distal segment of the left circumflex branch	1.0
26%-50%	2	Middle segment of the left anterior descending branch	1.5
1%-25%	1	Left anterior descending branch or proximal circumflex branch	2.5
-		Left main	5

Table 2 Comparison of baseline data in different coronary artery disease groups

Baseline information	Mild group (n = 38)	Moderate group (n = 42)	Severe group (n = 30)	F/χ2 value	P value
Age (years)	56.12 ± 10.64	57.43 ± 11.61	57.62 ± 11.94	0.188	0.829
Gender				0.089	0.957
Male	25 (65.79)	28 (66.67)	19 (63.33)
Female	13 (34.21)	14 (33.33)	11 (36.67)
With a history of smoking	18 (47.37)	16 (38.10)	14 (46.67)	0.852	0.653
With a history of drinking	17 (44.74)	19 (45.24)	17 (56.67)	1.191	0.551
History of myocardial infarction	3 (7.89)	6 (14.29)	7 (23.33)	3.218	0.201
NYHA classification				5.341	0.069
≤ Grade I	33 (86.84)	33 (78.57)	19 (63.33)
GradeⅡ	5 (13.16)	9 (21.43)	11 (36.67)

Table 3 Comparison of baseline data of different anxiety groups

Baseline information	No-anxious group (n = 16)	Mild anxiety group (n = 31)	Moderate anxiety group (n = 41)	Severe anxiety group (n = 22)	F/χ2 value	P value
Age (years)	57.02 ± 9.64	57.42 ± 10.61	57.50 ± 11.84	55.61 ± 9.24	0.169	0.917
Gender					0.817	0.845
Male	10 (62.50)	19 (61.29)	27 (65.85)	16 (72.73)
Female	6 (37.50)	12 (38.71)	14 (34.15)	6 (27.27)
With a history of smoking	7 (43.75)	14 (45.16)	20 (48.78)	7 (31.82)	1.720	0.633
With a history of drinking	8 (50.00)	16 (51.61)	19 (46.34)	10 (45.45)	0.289	0.962
History of myocardial infarction	0 (0.00)	4 (12.90)	7 (17.07)	5 (22.73)	4.186	0.242
NYHA classification					3.497	0.321
≤ Grade I	14 (87.50)	25 (80.65)	32 (78.05)	14 (63.64)
GradeⅡ	2 (12.50)	6 (19.35)	9 (21.95)	8 (36.36)

NYHA: New York Heart Association.

Table 4 Comparison of echocardiographic indexes in different coronary artery disease groups

Group	n	LVEDD (mm)	LVESV (mL)	LVEDV (mL)	LVEF (%)
Mild group	38	49.32 ± 3.51	45.25 ± 2.98	118.67 ± 5.09	56.18 ± 4.27
Moderate group	42	57.19 ± 3.48	55.27 ± 3.24	131.51 ± 6.93	47.42 ± 3.53
Severe group	30	60.54 ± 3.73	69.69 ± 3.93	157.84 ± 6.72	40.73 ± 2.19
F value		92.011	444.601	331.202	165.603
P value		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

LVEDD: Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEDV: Left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV: Left ventricular end-systolic volume; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction.

Table 5 Comparison of echocardiographic indicators in different anxiety groups

Group	n	LVEDD (mm)	LVESV (mL)	LVEDV (mL)	LVEF (%)
No-anxious group	16	47.87 ± 2.82	44.19 ± 2.52	117.84 ± 4.85	58.76 ± 6.24
Mild anxiety group	31	51.43 ± 3.21	49.87 ± 3.38	125.36 ± 6.42	50.38 ± 5.75
Moderate anxiety group	41	57.21 ± 3.48	56.48 ± 3.52	135.23 ± 7.03	46.41 ± 4.82
Severe anxiety group	22	63.02 ± 3.81	71.04 ± 3.93	156.91 ± 6.92	42.89 ± 1.94
F value		81.470	235.201	139.801	36.420
P value		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

LVEDD: Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEDV: Left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV: Left ventricular end-systolic volume; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction.

Table 6 Multiple regression analysis results of echocardiography indicators affecting coronary heart disease patients

Project	Model1			Model2
	β	95%CI	P value	β	95%CI	P value
LVEDD
Gensini score	0.348	0.205-0.456	0.018	0.335	0.1730.430	0.023
SAS score	0.225	0.128-0.519	0.029	0.203	0.0910.425	0.032
LVESV
Gensini score	0.317	0.199-0.626	0.021	0.265	0.1630.545	0.024
SAS score	0.239	0.158-0.453	0.017	0.194	0.118-0.437	0.026
LVEDV
Gensini score	0.359	0.149-0.626	0.028	0.394	0.182-0.729	0.014
SAS score	0.267	0.102-0. 464	0.024	0.178	0.053-0.415	0.033
LVEF
Gensini score	-0.094	-0.283 to - 0.054	0.038	-0.079	-0.274 to -0.053	0.044
SAS score	-0.126	-0.325 to - 0.034	0.042	-0.058	-0.186 to -0.025	0.047

¹Model: Analysis results without adjusting for covariates.

²Model: Analysis results after adjusting for age, gender, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, myocardial infarction history, and New York Heart Association classification.

LVEDD: Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEDV: Left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV: Left ventricular end-systolic volume; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; SAS: Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; CI: Confidence interval.