Efficacy comparison of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and routine support on anxiety and sleep quality in peritoneal dialysis patients

Table 1 Comparison of baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, n (%) or mean ± SD

Index	PS group (n = 103)	MBCT group (n = 94)	t/χ2	P value
Age (year)	54.27 ± 8.57	55.14 ± 7.84	0.738	0.462
Gender (female/male)	35 (33.98)/68 (66.02)	36 (38.30)/58 (61.70)	0.397	0.528
Dialysis duration (month)	32.45 ± 8.65	31.87 ± 8.94	0.464	0.643
Education level			0.476	0.788
Junior high school or below	9 (8.74)	10 (10.64)
High school	58 (56.31)	55 (58.51)
College or above	36 (34.95)	29 (30.85)
Marital status			1.072	0.585
Single	53 (51.46)	47 (50.00)
Married	45 (43.69)	39 (41.49)
Divorced or widowed	5 (4.85)	8 (8.51)
Living arrangement (living alone/living with family)	35 (33.98)/68 (66.02)	29 (30.85)/65 (69.15)	0.219	0.639
Current smoking status	14 (13.59)/89 (86.41)	10 (10.64)/84 (89.36)	0.401	0.527
Current alcohol consumption	4 (3.88)/99 (96.12)	5 (5.32)/89 (94.68)	0.020	0.888
Reason for dialysis			0.585	0.900
Diabetic nephropathy	46 (44.66)	42 (44.68)
Glomerulonephritis	23 (22.33)	24 (25.53)
Hypertensive nephropathy	15 (14.56)	14 (14.89)
Other	19 (18.45)	14 (14.89)
Hemoglobin (g/L)	112.47 ± 8.51	113.65 ± 8.12	0.991	0.323
Serum albumin (g/L)	36.84 ± 4.21	37.24 ± 3.96	0.674	0.501
Urea clearance (Kt/V)	1.84 ± 0.29	1.88 ± 0.27	1.083	0.280

MBCT: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy; PS: Routine psychological support.

Table 2 Comparison of anxiety symptoms, n (%) or mean ± SD

Index	PS group (n = 103)	MBCT group (n = 94)	t/χ2	P value
At baseline	52.89 ± 4.98	53.42 ± 5.15	0.727	0.468
At the end of treatment	47.34 ± 5.76	43.65 ± 4.23	5.162	< 0.001
New-onset anxiety during treatment	13 (12.62)/90 (87.38)	3 (3.19)/91 (96.81)	5.857	0.016
At 3 months post-baseline	47.02 ± 6.05	41.28 ± 5.10	7.159	< 0.001

MBCT: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy; PS: Routine psychological support.

Table 3 Comparison of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, mean ± SD

Index	PS group (n = 103)	MBCT group (n = 94)	t value	P value
At baseline	9.18 ± 2.72	9.34 ± 2.84	0.424	0.672
At the end of treatment	7.85 ± 2.64	6.82 ± 2.15	3.010	0.003
At 3 months post-baseline	7.32 ± 2.45	6.45 ± 2.08	2.705	0.007

MBCT: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy; PS: Routine psychological support.

Table 4 Comparison of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index component scores at the end of treatment, mean ± SD

Index	PS group (n = 103)	MBCT group (n = 94)	t value	P value
Sleep onset latency	1.84 ± 0.62	1.59 ± 0.45	3.298	0.001
Total sleep time	1.57 ± 0.58	1.25 ± 0.52	4.044	< 0.001
Sleep disorders	1.35 ± 0.45	1.18 ± 0.32	3.069	0.002
Daytime dysfunction	1.40 ± 0.49	1.22 ± 0.35	2.955	0.004

MBCT: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy; PS: Routine psychological support.

Table 5 Comparison of clinical indicators at the end of treatment, mean ± SD

Index	PS group (n = 103)	MBCT group (n = 94)	t value	P value
Hemoglobin (g/L)	113.28 ± 10.54	115.48 ± 9.13	1.558	0.121
Serum albumin (g/L)	37.61 ± 4.58	38.29 ± 4.26	1.078	0.282
Urea clearance (Kt/V)	1.86 ± 0.31	1.89 ± 0.35	0.640	0.523

MBCT: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy; PS: Routine psychological support.

Table 6 Comparison of 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores, mean ± SD

Index	PS group (n = 103)	MBCT group (n = 94)	t value	P value
At baseline
Mental health component	45.28 ± 6.16	44.82 ± 5.94	0.534	0.594
Physical health component	42.56 ± 6.54	42.14 ± 6.82	0.446	0.656
At the end of treatment
Mental health component	59.45 ± 6.85	62.15 ± 5.12	3.151	0.002
Physical health component	58.32 ± 7.12	62.14 ± 7.45	3.686	< 0.001

MBCT: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy; PS: Routine psychological support.