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Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Psychiatry. Nov 19, 2025; 15(11): 108797
Published online Nov 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i11.108797
Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the two group, n (%)
Baseline information
Control group (n = 30)
Observers group (n = 30)
t/χ2 value
P value
Age (years), mean ± SD26.43 ± 2.7626.92 ± 2.980.6610.511
Standard of culture0.0710.791
High school and below11 (36.67)12 (40.00)
College or higher19 (63.33)18 (60.00)
Place of abode0.0670.796
Cities and towns14 (46.67)15 (50.00)
Rural district16 (53.33)15 (50.00)
Delivery method0.3410.559
Natural birth23 (76.67)21 (70.00)
Caesarean birth7 (23.33)9 (30.00)
Pregnancy complications0.5770.448
Not have3 (10.00)5 (16.67)
Have27 (90.00)25 (83.33)
Gender of newborn0.0690.793
Male baby17 (56.67)18 (60.00)
Female infant13 (43.33)12 (40.00)
Table 2 Comparison of maternal role adaptation scores between the two groups, mean ± SD
Index (point)
Stage
Control group (n = 30)
Observers group (n = 30)
t value
P value
Role cognition scoreWhen leaving hospital after delivery12.58 ± 2.7412.45 ± 3.160.1700.865
At 6 weeks postpartum17.75 ± 3.98a20.11 ± 4.02a2.2850.026
Care behavior scoreWhen leaving hospital after delivery9.24 ± 2.169.12 ± 2.130.2170.829
At 6 weeks postpartum12.47 ± 2.51a14.83 ± 2.96a3.3310.002
Parent-child attachment scoreWhen leaving hospital after delivery10.29 ± 2.1510.25 ± 2.070.0730.941
At 6 weeks postpartum13.54 ± 2.76a16.94 ± 3.38a3.0120.004
Total score of role adaptationWhen leaving hospital after delivery32.11 ± 5.5431.82 ± 5.170.2090.835
At 6 weeks postpartum44.76 ± 7.43a51.88 ± 8.59a3.4340.001
Table 3 Comparison of breastfeeding rates between two groups of primiparous, n (%)
Index
stage
Control group (n = 30)
Observers group (n = 30)
χ2 value
P value
Exclusive breastfeeding rateWhen leaving hospital after delivery14 (46.67)13 (43.33)1.0710.301
At 6 weeks postpartum18 (60.00)26 (86.67)5.4550.020
Table 4 Comparison of Edinburgh postnatal depression scale scores between the two groups of primiparas, mean ± SD
Index
Stage
Control group (n = 30)
Observers group (n = 30)
t value
P value
EPDS score (points)When leaving hospital after delivery5.03 ± 1.185.17 ± 1.250.4460.657
At 6 weeks postpartum7.98 ± 2.53a5.66 ± 1.284.482< 0.001
Table 5 Comparison of neonatal growth and development between the two groups, mean ± SD
Index
Stage
Control group (n = 30)
Observers group (n = 30)
t value
P value
Neonatal length (cm)At birth49.32 ± 2.2849.05 ± 2.190.4680.642
Born 6 weeks55.54 ± 4.12a59.25 ± 3.76a3.643< 0.001
Neonatal head circumference (cm)At birth33.15 ± 1.6333.12 ± 1.580.0720.943
Born 6 weeks35.23 ± 1.85a36.74 ± 1.98a3.0520.003
Birth weight (kg)At birth3.34 ± 0.653.26 ± 0.740.4450.658
Born 6 weeks4.81 ± 0.79a5.59 ± 0.85a3.682< 0.001