Frontal, temporal, cerebellar changes link to sepsis survivors' cognitive issues: A resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Table 1 Demographic and clinical data of sepsis survivors and healthy controls, mean ± SD

Characteristics	SS (n = 16)	HC (n = 19)	χ2/t	P value
Sex, female/male	8/8	8/11	0.218	0.640
Age, years	62.00 ± 9.42	63.32 ± 8.85	-0.426	0.673
Education, years	9.25 ± 3.98	9.11 ± 3.76	0.111	0.913
BMI, kg/m2	21.27 ± 2.82	23.75 ± 2.23	-2.914	0.006a
Diabetes, yes/no	3/13	0/0	NA	0.086
Hypertension, yes/no	7/9	6/13	0.551	0.458

^aP < 0.05.

SS: Sepsis survivor; HC: Healthy control; NA: Not available; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Brain regions with significant nodal properties differences between sepsis survivors and healthy controls

Brain region	Lobe	AAL	Nodal parameter	SS (n = 16)	HC (n = 19)	F	P (FDR)
ORBinf.R	Right frontal gyrus	16	DC	6.407 ± 3.543	12.093 ± 3.323	21.866	0.003
ORBinf.R	Right frontal gyrus	16	NE	0.168 ± 0.030	0.208 ± 0.019	19.165	0.011
TPOsup.L	Left temporal gyrus	83	NE	0.172 ± 0.034	0.205 ± 0.020	12.492	0.039
CRBLCrus2.R	Right cerebellar lobule VII	94	DC	14.953 ± 2.512	10.312 ± 2.586	31.422	< 0.001
CRBLCrus2.R	Right cerebellar lobule VII	94	NE	0.223 ± 0.013	0.200 ± 0.019	17.986	0.011

DC: Degree centrality; NE: Nodal efficiency; SS: Sepsis survivor; HC: Healthy control; AAL: Automated anatomical labeling; FDR: False discovery rate.

Table 3 The increased or decreased effective connection from the seed regions to whole brain (x-y) or from whole brain to the seed regions (y-x)

Direction	AAL	Correlated Region	Peak MNI coordinate			Voxels	t value (Alphasim)
			X	Y	Z
y-16	99	CRBL6.L	-15	-60	-27	87	-5.25
83-y	92	CRBLCrus1.R	24	-75	-30	61	-4.27
y-83	48	LING.R	12	-36	0	43	4.89

AAL: Automated anatomical labeling; MNI: Montreal neurological institute.