Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Psychiatry. Oct 19, 2023; 13(10): 753-762
Published online Oct 19, 2023. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i10.753
Table 1 Basic data
GroupGender (n, male/female)Age (mean ± SD, yr)Number of units(n, first visit/return visit)Course of disease (mean ± SD, yr)
Educational level (n)
Child-Pugh grade
Course of CHB
Course of insomnia
Junior high school and below
High school
Bachelor’s degree and above
Grade A
Grade B
Combination group (n = 60)38/2248.36 ± 10.2519/4112.25 ± 3.172.51 ± 0.861528173921
Conventional group (n = 69)41/2849.21 ± 11.1224/4513.07 ± 3.582.22 ± 0.881831204227
χ2/t0.2070.4490.1401.3681.8870.0410.234
P0.6490.6540.7080.1740.0610.9800.628
Table 2 Action Questionnaire-2nd Edition scores
TimeCombination group (n = 60)Conventional group (n = 69)tP
Before intervention39.27 ± 6.22 38.72 ± 5.69 0.5240.601
3 mo after intervention31.26 ± 7.1536.28 ± 6.674.123< 0.001
6 mo after intervention28.11 ± 6.3233.51 ± 6.634.715< 0.001
F45.92011.640
P< 0.001< 0.001
Table 3 Multiple comparisons of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores at different time points (Bonferroni)
Group(I) Time(J) TimeMean difference (I-J)Standard errorP95%CI
Lower limit
Upper limit
Combination group
Before intervention3 mo after intervention8.0171.198 0.0015.12110.913
6 mo after intervention11.1671.198 0.0018.27114.063
3 mo after interventionbefore intervention-8.0171.198˂0.001-10.913-5.121
6 mo after intervention3.1501.1980.0280.2546.046
6 mo after interventionBefore intervention-11.1671.198 0.001-14.063-8.271
3 mo after intervention-3.1501.1980.028-6.046-0.254
Conventional group
Before intervention3 mo after intervention2.4491.0800.073-0.1575.056
6 mo after intervention5.2171.080 0.0012.6117.824
3 mo after interventionBefore intervention-2.4491.0800.073-5.0560.157
6 mo after intervention2.7681.0800.0330.1625.375
6 mo after interventionBefore intervention-5.2171.0800.000-7.824-2.611
3 mo after intervention-2.7681.0800.033-5.375-0.162
Table 4 Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score
Group and timeStatisticsSleep qualityFall sleep timeSleep timeSleep efficiencySleep disorderHypnotic drugsDaytime dysfunction
Combination group (n = 60)
    Before intervention2.35 ± 0.652.43 ± 0.662.52 ± 0.612.33 ± 0.581.98 ± 0.522.05 ± 0.522.18 ± 0.54
    After intervention0.82 ± 0.4210.85 ± 0.4410.78 ± 0.4810.75 ± 0.4610.77 ± 0.5210.86 ± 0.3611.16 ± 0.311
t15.31015.43017.36016.53012.75014.57012.690
P 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
Conventional group (n = 69)
    Before intervention2.26 ± 0.572.35 ± 0.622.49 ± 0.642.29 ± 0.621.95 ± 0.472.01 ± 0.552.15 ± 0.56
    After intervention1.06 ± 0.351.06 ± 0.530.97 ± 0.581.05 ± 0.321.02 ± 0.371.02 ± 0.221.41 ± 0.58
t14.90013.14014.62014.76012.91013.8807.624
P 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.0010.001