Associated mortality risk of atypical antipsychotic medication in individuals with dementia

Table 1 Demographic information for the two study cohorts

Demographic	Category	Total	Medication group	Comparison group
Number of patients		1480	587	893
Age (mean ± SD)		82.6 ± 8.1	81.7 ± 8.4	83.3 ± 7.9
Gender	Male	714 (48.2%)	294 (50.1%)	420 (47.0%)
	Female	766 (51.8%)	293 (49.9%)	473 (53.0%)
	Other/NA	0	0	0
Ethnicity	White-British	1033 (69.8%)	451 (76.8%)	582 (65.2%)
	White-Irish	5 (< 1%)	4 (< 1%)	1 (< 1%)
	White-Any other	17 (1.1%)	6 (1.0%)	11 (1.2%)
	Mixed-White and Asian	1 (< 1%)	1 (< 1%)	0 (< 1%)
	Asian-Indian	6 (< 1%)	2 (< 1%)	4 (< 1%)
	Asian-Bangladeshi	1 (< 1%)	0 (< 1%)	1 (< 1%)
	Asian-Any other	10 (< 1%)	5 (< 1%)	5 (< 1%)
	Black-Caribbean	2 (< 1%)	1 (< 1%)	1 (< 1%)
	Black-African	2 (< 1%)	1 (< 1%)	1 (< 1%)
	Any other ethnic group	2 (< 1%)	2 (< 1%)	0 (< 1%)
	Not stated/NA	401 (27.1%)	114 (19.4%)	287 (32.1%)
MMSE	Number of patients with MMSE	608 (41.1%)	226 (38.5%)	382 (42.8%)
	Number of patients without MMSE	876 (58.9%)	361 (61.5%)	511 (57.2%)
MMSE score	20-30	369 (60.7%)	101 (44.7%)	268 (70.2%)
	10-19	199 (23.7%)	98 (43.4%)	101 (26.4%)
	< 10	40 (6.56%)	27 (11.9%)	13 (3.4%)

The percentages listed are of the column totals (number of patients) for the respective group. The only exception is the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) Score percentages, which are a proportion of the ‘number of patients with MMSE’ count. The ‘Ethnicity-Asian’ and ‘Ethnicity-Black’ groups include the Asian British and Black British ethnicity groups. MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination.

Table 2 Results of the cox proportional hazard model, with survival since diagnosis as the duration variable

Covariate	Total	Alive	Dead	Hazard ratio	P value
Medications
Olanzapine	155	33 (21.3%)	122 (78.7%)	1.32a (1.08-1.60)	< 0.01
Quetiapine	144	29 (20.1%)	115 (79.9%)	1.09 (0.90-1.34)	0.38
Risperidone	450	82 (18.2%)	368 (81.8%)	1.35b (1.18-1.54)	< 0.001
Gender
Male	714	165 (23.1%)	549 (76.9%)	Baseline
Female	766	218 (28.5%)	548 (71.5%)	0.73b (0.64-0.82)	< 0.001
Ethnicity
White-British	1033	275 (26.6%)	758 (73.4%)	0.82a (0.72-0.94)	< 0.01
White-Irish	5	2 (40.0%)	3 (60.0%)	0.51 (0.16-1.62)	0.26
White-Any other	17	6 (35.3%)	11 (64.7%)	0.62 (0.34-1.13)	0.12
Mixed-White and Asian	-	-	-	-	-
Asian-Indian	6	1 (16.7%)	5 (83.3%)	1.49 (0.61-3.63)	0.38
Asian-Bangladeshi	-	-	-	-	-
Asian-Any other	10	6 (60.0%)	4 (40.0%)	0.17a (0.05-0.53)	< 0.01
Black-Caribbean	-	-	-	-	-
Black-African	-	-	-	-	-
Any other ethnic group	-	-	-	-	-
MMSE score
20-30	369	123 (33.3%)	246 (66.7%)	0.72b (0.62-0.83)	< 0.001
10-19	199	45 (22.6%)	154 (77.4%)	0.87 (0.73-1.04)	0.12
< 10	40	11 (27.5%)	29 (72.5%)	0.81 (0.56-1.19)	0.28

^aHazard ratio significant at the P < 0.01 level.

^bHazard ratio significant at the P < 0.001 level. The ‘Alive’ and ‘Dead’ percentages are a proportion of the ‘Total’ count. The hazard ratio is listed along with the 95% confidence interval. MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination.