Predictive value of serum inflammatory factors combined with p-tau181 for anxiety and depression in Alzheimer’s disease patients

Figure 1 Comparison of different groups. A: Comparison of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores; B: Comparison of biomarker levels between groups. ^aP < 0.05. HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; p-tau181: Phosphorylated tau-181.

Figure 2 Forest plot of multivariate logistic regression analysis. Orange squares indicate significant associations; gray squares indicate non-significant associations. ^aP < 0.05. IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; p-tau181: Phosphorylated tau-181; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

Figure 3 Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for predictive value of biomarkers. The combined model achieved the highest area under curve (0.892). ROC: Receiver operating characteristic; IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; p-tau181: Phosphorylated tau-181; AUC: Area under curve.