Effect of esketamine-assisted regional block on post-traumatic stress disorder after radical lung cancer surgery: A retrospective clinical study

Figure 1 Patient selection flowchart. Flowchart showing: 286 patients screened→ 68 excluded (42 not meeting criteria + 18 declined + 8 incomplete data) → 218 enrolled→ 106 in control group + 112 in esketamine group.

Figure 2 Receiver operating characteristic curves for predicting post-traumatic stress disorder. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve illustration: The figure shows multiple ROC curves comparing the predictive performance of individual factors (esketamine use, postoperative pain score, interleukin (IL)-6 level, operative duration) vs the combined prediction model. The combined model area under the curve (AUC = 0.856, 95%CI: 0.802-0.910) demonstrates superior discriminative ability compared to individual markers, with the curve positioned closer to the upper left corner of the plot. Individual AUCs: Esketamine use = 0.612; pain score = 0.724; IL-6 level = 0.698; operative duration = 0.586. The diagonal reference line represents random chance (AUC = 0.5). AUC: Area under the curve; IL: Interleukin.