Postoperative anxiety-depression in patients with spinal cord injury: Correlations with injury severity and sleep quality

Figure 1 Flowchart of patient selection.

Figure 2 Associations of negative emotions with spinal cord injury grade and sleep quality. A: There was a significant positive correlation between Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grade (r = 0.288, P < 0.001); B: Hamilton Depression Scale demonstrated a significant positive correlation with American Spinal Injury Association grades (r = 0.316, P < 0.001); C: HAMA was positively correlated with the global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (r = 0.289, P < 0.001); D: A positive association was observed between HAMA and global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores (r = 0.241, P = 0.003). HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Scale; ASIA: American Spinal Injury Association; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.