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World J Psychiatry. Jun 19, 2026; 16(6): 113881
Published online Jun 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i6.113881
Published online Jun 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i6.113881
Postoperative anxiety-depression in patients with spinal cord injury: Correlations with injury severity and sleep quality
Zhi-Sen Tian, Hang Wang, Yi-Ke Zhang, Xian-Ji Song, Kun-Chi Zhao, Department of Spinal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
Meng-Jie Yan, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
Co-first authors: Zhi-Sen Tian and Meng-Jie Yan.
Co-corresponding authors: Xian-Ji Song and Kun-Chi Zhao.
Author contributions: Tian ZS and Yan MJ designed the research and wrote the first manuscript, conducted the analysis and provided guidance for the research, and they contributed equally to this manuscript as co-first authors; Tian ZS, Yan MJ, Wang H, Zhang YK, Song XJ, and Zhao KC contributed to conceiving the research and analyzing data; Song XJ and Zhao KC contributed equally to this manuscript as co-corresponding authors. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: No AI tools (including ChatGPT, Grammarly, DeepL, etc.) were used for manuscript writing, language polishing, data analysis, study design, result interpretation, or image generation. All content is human-created.
Supported by Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province, No. YDZJ202201ZYTS094.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (approval No. 2025092902).
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Corresponding author: Kun-Chi Zhao, Department of Spinal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China. zhaokunchi@jlu.edu.cn
Received: November 4, 2025
Revised: December 21, 2025
Accepted: February 13, 2026
Published online: June 19, 2026
Processing time: 205 Days and 0.5 Hours
Revised: December 21, 2025
Accepted: February 13, 2026
Published online: June 19, 2026
Processing time: 205 Days and 0.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: In these cohort of 149 patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), anxiety, depression, injury severity, and sleep quality were evaluated three months after surgery. A substantial proportion of the patients exhibited postoperative anxiety and depression, which were significantly and positively correlated with SCI severity and sleep disorders. Advanced age (≥ 60 years), male sex, disease duration ≥ 12 months, educational level of under senior high school, American Spinal Injury Association grades A-B, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score ≥ 13 were associated with an increased risk of postoperative anxiety and depression in patients with SCI.