Aberrant topology of the default mode network is associated with phosphatidylcholine and triglyceride levels in major depressive disorder

Figure 1 Brain regions with significant between-group differences in nodal topological properties. Red and blue balls represent increased and decreased nodal topological properties in patients with major depressive disorder compared to healthy controls. The significance threshold was set at a false discovery rate corrected q value < 0.05. SMG.L: Left supramarginal gyrus; ANG.L: Left angular gyrus; SMG.R: Right supramarginal gyrus; PCG.R: Right posterior cingulate gyrus; SFGmed.R: Right medial superior frontal gyrus; L: Left; R: Right.

Figure 2 Scatter plots of correlations between abnormal topological properties of the default mode network nodes and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores in patients with major depressive disorder. Red spots represent positive correlations between abnormal topological properties of the default mode network nodes and 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores. Blue spots represent negative correlations between abnormal topological properties of the default mode network nodes and 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores. SFGmed.R: Right medial superior frontal gyrus; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; SMG.L: Left supramarginal gyrus.

Figure 3 Volcano plot of lipid metabolite differences between the major depressive disorder and healthy control groups. Metabolites identified via lipidomics were subjected to multivariate analysis to assess inter-group differences. Statistical significance was determined based on a combination of a variable importance in projection score > 1.0 and a false discovery rate corrected q value < 0.05. The X-axis represents log2 (fold change), and the Y-axis shows -log10 (false discovery rate q value). A total of 2033 metabolites were not significantly altered; no metabolites were up-regulated and 7 metabolites were down-regulated in the major depressive disorder group compared to healthy controls. FDR: False discovery rate; VIP: Variable importance in projection.

Figure 4 Correlations between differential topological properties and differential lipid metabolites in patients with major depressive disorder. The values in each cell indicate corresponding correlation coefficient. ^aP < 0.05. SMG.L: Left supramarginal gyrus; SFGmed.R: Right medial superior frontal gyrus; PC: Phosphatidylcholine; TG: Triglyceride; DGCC: Diacylglyceryl carboxyhydroxymethylcholine.