Breast cancer in schizophrenia could be interleukin-33-mediated

Figure 1 Interleukin-33/suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 axis as a crossroad in schizophrenia-breast cancer comorbidity. Higher serum levels of interleukin-33 (IL-33) have been measured in a psychotic episode of schizophrenia, and IL-33 is also significantly higher in serum and portends tumor recurrence in patients with breast cancer. IL-33: Interleukin-33.

Figure 2 Estrogen receptor modulators and antipsychotics in interleukin-33 targeting strategies. A: Raloxifene could be tissue-specific and improve cognition. B: Tamoxifen resistance in breast carcinoma could be improved by antipsychotics targeting IL-33. IL-33: Interleukin-33.