Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Psychiatry. Jun 19, 2026; 16(6): 117930
Published online Jun 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i6.117930
Published online Jun 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i6.117930
Self-efficacy system interventions in cardiovascular disease management: An integrative perspective and future outlook
Ling-Yan Zhu, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Haiyan County People’s Hospital, Jiaxing 314300, Zhejiang Province, China
Li-Min Yu, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
Author contributions: Zhu LY and Yu LM wrote and edited the manuscript; Zhu LY conceptualized the research topic and submitted the revised manuscript with all the related documents. Both authors thoroughly reviewed and endorsed the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: The language has been polished using Deepseek-R1. The entire content of the main text (abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion and conclusion) of this manuscript was not generated by AI.
Supported by Haiyan County Health Research Project, No. 2021-YJ-12A.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Corresponding author: Li-Min Yu, MD, Chief Nurse, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Shang
Received: January 9, 2026
Revised: January 27, 2026
Accepted: February 14, 2026
Published online: June 19, 2026
Processing time: 139 Days and 0.1 Hours
Revised: January 27, 2026
Accepted: February 14, 2026
Published online: June 19, 2026
Processing time: 139 Days and 0.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Self-efficacy system interventions (SESIs) integrate digital tools and personalized strategies to enhance self-management and outcomes in cardiovascular disease. This minireview synthesizes evidence on SESI’s theoretical foundations, clinical effectiveness, technological advancements, and implementation challenges. It highlights innovative approaches, such as teach-back methods, mobile health applications, and remote monitoring, while addressing controversies regarding efficacy variability, ethical considerations, and cost-effectiveness. By bridging theory, practice, and emerging technologies, SESI offers a scalable framework for optimizing patient-centered care and guiding future research in chronic disease management.