False dogmas in mood disorders research: Towards a nomothetic network approach

doi:10.5498/wjp.v12.i5.651

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May 19, 2022 (publication date) through Mar 15, 2026

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. May 19, 2022; 12(5): 651-667
Published online May 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i5.651

False dogmas in mood disorders research: Towards a nomothetic network approach

Michael HJ Maes, Drozdstoy Stoyanov

Michael HJ Maes, Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand

Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria

Author contributions: All the contributing authors have participated in the manuscript’s conception, design and preparation, and approved the final version submitted for publication.

Supported by the Ratchadapiseksompotch Funds, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, RA61/050.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflict of interest with any commercial or other association in connection with the submitted article.

Corresponding author: Michael HJ Maes, PhD, Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. dr.michaelmaes@hotmail.com

Received: July 11, 2021
Peer-review started: July 11, 2021
First decision: October 4, 2021
Revised: October 7, 2021
Accepted: April 25, 2022
Article in press: April 25, 2022
Published online: May 19, 2022
Processing time: 310 Days and 23.5 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: We review the merits of machine learning-derived nomothetic network psychiatry (NNP) models of mood disorders. The NNP models of mood disorders show that major depressive disorder/bipolar disorder are not mind-brain or psycho-social but systemic medical disorders. The DSM/ICD taxonomies are counterproductive. A shared core, namely the reoccurrence of illness (ROI), underpins the intertwined recurrence of depressive and manic episodes and suicidal behaviors. Mood disorders should be ROI-defined. ROI mediates the effects of nitro-oxidative stress pathways and early lifetime trauma on the phenome of mood disorders. Severity of illness and treatment response should be delineated using NNP-derived causome, adverse outcome pathways, ROI and phenome scores.