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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Psychiatry. Feb 19, 2022; 12(2): 236-263
Published online Feb 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.236
Published online Feb 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.236
Drug-induced stuttering: A comprehensive literature review
Naemeh Nikvarz, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911319, Iran
Salehe Sabouri, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman 7616911319, Iran
Salehe Sabouri, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911319, Iran
Author contributions: Both authors substantially contributed to conception and design of the review, searched and interpreted the relevant data, drafted the manuscript, and approved the final version of the article to be published.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Salehe Sabouri, PharmD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Somayyeh Cross Road, Shariati Street, Kerman 7616911319, Iran. ssabouri@kmu.ac.ir
Received: February 26, 2021
Peer-review started: February 26, 2021
First decision: July 15, 2021
Revised: July 29, 2021
Accepted: November 25, 2021
Article in press: December 25, 2021
Published online: February 19, 2022
Processing time: 355 Days and 20.6 Hours
Peer-review started: February 26, 2021
First decision: July 15, 2021
Revised: July 29, 2021
Accepted: November 25, 2021
Article in press: December 25, 2021
Published online: February 19, 2022
Processing time: 355 Days and 20.6 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Stuttering has two main types, developmental and acquired stuttering. Acquired stuttering is a manifestation of psychogenic or neurogenic disorders. Neurogenic stuttering is caused by brain injury, stroke, drugs, etc. Because most drugs inducing stuttering are used in the management of psychiatric and/or neurologic disorders, clinicians may merely attribute a new-onset stuttering to the worsening of the underlying disorder and neglect drugs as the causes of stuttering. Therefore, in this review, reports of drug-induced stuttering (DIS) are collected to provide information about epidemiological and clinical characteristics of DIS. Moreover, some pathophysiological changes are proposed as the underlying mechanisms of DIS.