Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and suicide: A systematic review

doi:10.5498/wjp.v7.i1.44

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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Systematic Reviews

World J Psychiatr. Mar 22, 2017; 7(1): 44-59
Published online Mar 22, 2017. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v7.i1.44

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and suicide: A systematic review

Judit Balazs, Agnes Kereszteny

Judit Balazs, Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital, H-1021 Budapest, Hungary

Judit Balazs, Agnes Kereszteny, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1064 Budapest, Hungary

Agnes Kereszteny, School of Ph.D. Studies, Semmelweis University, H-1086 Budapest, Hungary

Author contributions: All authors contributed to this paper.

Conflict-of-interest statement: Author Judit Balazs has received a speaker honorarium from E. Lilly Company and she is a member of the Advisory Board committee of E. Lilly Company. Author Agnes Kereszteny declares that she has no conflict of interest.

Data sharing statement: The current manuscript does not describe a study, it is a systematic review.

Correspondence to: Judit Balazs, MD, PhD, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella u. 46, H-1064 Budapest, Hungary. balazs.judit@ppk.elte.hu

Telephone: +36-1-3921400 Fax: +36-1-3921401

Received: October 31, 2016
Peer-review started: November 2, 2016
First decision: November 30, 2016
Revised: January 2, 2017
Accepted: January 16, 2017
Article in press: January 18, 2017
Published online: March 22, 2017
Processing time: 139 Days and 1.3 Hours

Abstract

AIM

To investigate suicidality and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), this paper aims to systematically review the literature as an extension of previous reviews.

METHODS

We searched five databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Psychinfo, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) with two categories of search terms: (1) suicide; suicidal; suicide behavior; suicide attempt; suicidal thought; and (2) ADHD.

RESULTS

The search resulted 26 articles. There is a positive association between ADHD and suicidality in both sexes and in all age groups. Comorbid disorders mediate between suicidality and ADHD.

CONCLUSION

Recognizing ADHD, comorbid conditions and suicidality is important in prevention.

Keywords: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; Suicide; Systematic review

Core tip: This review of the last four years strengthens previous findings that there is a positive association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and suicidality in both sexes and in all age groups. Suicidality should screen in patients with ADHD. Comorbid disorders mediate between suicidality and ADHD. Recognizing ADHD and comorbid conditions can be important in suicide prevention as well.