Deleterious impact of intimate partner violence on health: A call to action

Abstract

In this editorial, I comment on the article by Yeh et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry. Intimate partner violence (IPV) represents a pervasive societal problem with profound ramifications for both physical and psychological well-being. IPV represents a pervasive societal problem with profound ramifications for both physical and psychological well-being. Exposure to IPV is associated with a range of adverse physical health outcomes, including but not limited to injuries, chronic pain conditions, and compromised immune function. Furthermore, the psychological sequelae of IPV can be equally devastating, frequently manifesting as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and diminished self-esteem. A primary driver is the imbalance of power and control within a relationship, where one partner seeks to dominate the other through coercion, intimidation, or physical force. Additionally, factors such as socioeconomic stress, substance abuse, and exposure to violence in childhood can increase the likelihood of perpetrating or experiencing IPV. Cultural norms that condone or normalize violence against individuals further contribute to its prevalence, perpetuating a cycle of abuse and harm. The insidious nature of IPV necessitates a comprehensive public health approach encompassing prevention, intervention, and ongoing support for affected individuals. Educational programs in schools and communities can promote healthy relationship skills, conflict resolution, and respectful communication. Public awareness campaigns play a crucial role in shifting societal attitudes and increasing understanding of IPV as a serious public health problem, ultimately fostering a culture of zero tolerance.

Keywords: Intimate partner violence; Health outcomes; Mental health; Public health; Prevention

Core Tip: This paper which focus on a multifaced public health crisis highlights how intimate partner violence not only causes immediate injuries and chronic health problems but also fuels depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and diminished self-esteem, creating a cycle of vulnerability that undermines long-term well-being. A core message is that addressing intimate partner violence requires an integrated strategy: Robust prevention that reshapes norms and power dynamics; timely, survivor-centered intervention, and access to supportive services; sustained public health investment to monitor outcomes, reduce risk factors (such as socioeconomic stress and childhood exposure to violence), and promote healthy, respectful relationships through education and community engagement.