Relationship between weight-to-waist index and post-stroke depression

doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100909

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. Mar 19, 2025; 15(3): 100909
Published online Mar 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100909

Relationship between weight-to-waist index and post-stroke depression

Juan Li, Li-Jun Ma, Xiao-Yuan Ma, Bo Gao

Juan Li, Department of Neurology, Xingyuan Hospital of Yulin/4^th Hospital of Yulin, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China

Li-Jun Ma, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China

Xiao-Yuan Ma, Department of Operating Theater, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China

Bo Gao, Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China

Author contributions: Li J, Ma LJ, and Gao B designed the methodology; Li J and Ma LJ performed the formal analysis of the data; Li J wrote the original draft; Li J and Gao B conceptualized the study; Ma LJ and Ma XY edited the various iterations of the manuscript; Gao B wrote and edited the manuscript, and performed the project administration.

Institutional review board statement: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey protocol is reviewed and approved by the National Center for Health Statistics Research Ethics Review Board, with informed consent obtained from all participants. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data are publicly accessible, allowing any interested parties to obtain the full dataset by visiting the official website (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm).

Informed consent statement: The need for patient consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.

Corresponding author: Bo Gao, MD, Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, No. 94 Shuangyong Avenue, Baota District, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China. bobo0426@yau.edu.cn

Received: August 30, 2024
Revised: December 12, 2024
Accepted: January 20, 2025
Published online: March 19, 2025
Processing time: 180 Days and 3.6 Hours

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The weight-to-waist index (WWI) serves as an innovative metric specifically designed to assess central obesity. However, the relationship between WWI and the prevalence of post-stroke depression (PSD) remains inadequately explored in the literature.

AIM

To elucidate the relationship between WWI and PSD.

METHODS

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2018 were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression models and propensity score matching were utilized to investigate the association between WWI and PSD, with adjustments for potential confounders. The restricted cubic spline statistical method was applied to explore non-linear associations.

RESULTS

Participants with elevated WWI values had a significantly greater risk of developing PSD. Specifically, individuals in the higher WWI range exhibited more than twice the likelihood of developing PSD compared to those with lower WWI values (odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.84-2.66, P < 0.0001). After propensity score matching, the risk of PSD remained significantly elevated (odds ratio = 1.43, 95%confidence interval: 1.09-1.88, P = 0.01). Tertile analysis revealed that participants in the highest WWI tertile faced a significantly higher risk of PSD compared to those in the lowest tertile. Restricted cubic spline analysis further revealed a non-linear association, with the risk of PSD plateauing at higher WWI values.

CONCLUSION

There is a significant association between elevated WWI and increased risk of PSD. Thus, regular depression screening should be implemented in stroke patients with elevated WWI to enhance patient outcomes.

Keywords: Weight-to-waist index; Post-stroke depression; Patient Health Questionnaire-9; Obesity; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Core Tip: Weight-to-waist index (WWI) is designed to evaluate central obesity, a condition strongly linked to a spectrum of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between WWI and post-stroke depression (PSD) by analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2018. There was a significant association between elevated WWI values and PSD risk. Individuals with higher WWI range exhibited more than double the likelihood of developing PSD compared to those with lower WWI values. As an emerging indicator of central obesity, WWI may serve as a valuable tool for assessing PSD risk.