Psoriasis and atrial fibrillation: Exploring the intersection

Figure 1 Conceptual diagram illustrating the mechanisms linking psoriasis-related chronic systemic inflammation to increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Chronic inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6, interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein, interleukin-12) promote vascular dysfunction, atrial structural remodeling, and electrical disturbances. These interconnected pathways lead to increased atrial fibrillation vulnerability and thromboembolic risk. Additional risk modifiers and comorbidities (e.g., depression, metabolic syndrome) may exacerbate cardiovascular risk in psoriasis patients. IL: Interleukin; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor-beta; CRP: C-reactive protein.