Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease in the intensive care unit

Figure 1 Suggested decision-making tree and management approach of patients admitted to the intensive care unit with acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease. AE-ILD: Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease; ICU: Intensive care unit; HFNC: High flow nasal cannula; AE: Acute exacerbation; NIV: Non-invasive ventilation; IMV: Invasive mechanical ventilation; ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Figure 2 Treatment approaches for acute exacerbation interstitial lung disease. AE-ILD: Acute exacerbation interstitial lung disease; ICU: Intensive care unit; PEEP: Positive end-expiratory pressure; P-V curve: Pressure-volume curve; PCP: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia; CMV: Cytomegalovirus; DAH: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; GERD: Gastro-esophageal reflux disease; PMX: Polymyxin-B immobilized fiber column hemoperfusion; IV rhTM: Intravenous recombinant human thrombomodulin.